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Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The American Adventure: TV History Series 1607-1876 DVD MP4 USB Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4: The Fourth Of July (Independence Day): -- A national American holiday where its people come together to celebrate the nation's birthday and Independence Day. On this day, most Americans enjoy grills in their backyards, at beaches, or in parks. Some partake in parades or marches and enjoy the fireworks that are often launched at dusk. Although most of us already had this history lesson in school, we probably weren't really paying attention as the clock ticked closer to recess or the end of the day. But we can't fully appreciate our freedoms if we don't know how we got them - and, more importantly, how close we came to losing them. The story of America's independence is truly fascinating with more historical twists and turns than we can possibly get into here. But at least we can get you started with the basics. In the 1700s, America wasn't really a nation of 'united states.' Instead, there were 13 colonies with distinct personalities. From 1763 to 1773, Britain's King George III increasingly placed pressure on the colonies as he and the British Parliament enacted a succession of draconian taxes and laws on them. Excessive taxes on British luxury goods like tea and sugar were designed to benefit the British crown without any regard for the hardships of the colonists. By 1764, the phrase "Taxation without representation is tyranny" spread throughout the colonies as the rallying cry of outrage. The more the colonists rebelled, the more King George doubled down with force. Imagine if enemy soldiers not only had the right to enter your home but the soldiers could demand that you feed and house them. The Quartering Act of 1765 allowed British soldiers to do just that. But the Stamp Act of 1765 became the straw that broke the colonists' backs. Passed by Parliament in March, this act taxed any piece of printed paper, including newspapers, legal documents, ships' papers - and even playing cards! As the colonial grumbling got louder and bolder, in the fall of 1768, British ships arrived in Boston Harbor as a show of force. Remember, the British Navy dominated the seas all over the world due to the far-reaching presence of the British Empire. Tensions boiled over on March 5, 1770, in Boston Harbor during a street fight between a group of colonists and British soldiers. The soldiers fired shots that killed 47-year-old Crispus Attucks, the first American and Black man to die along with three other colonists in the Boston Massacre. In 1773, the Boston Tea Party (from which today's Tea Party Republicans get their name) erupted when colonists disguised as Mohican Indians raided a British ship, dumping all the tea overboard to avoid paying the taxes. Continued pressure led to resistance and the start of the Revolutionary War in the towns of Lexington and Concord when a militia of patriots battled British soldiers on April 19, 1775. Conditions were ripe for American independence. When the first battles in the Revolutionary War broke out in April 1775, only a handful of colonists wished for total independence from Great Britain, and those who did were considered extremists. However, halfway through the following year, many more colonists had come to lean more toward independence, as a result of growing hostility towards Britain and the spread of revolutionary views like those conveyed in the bestselling pamphlet published in early 1776 by Thomas Paine - "Common Sense." On June 7, 1776, the Continental Congress met at the Pennsylvania State House (later Independence Hall) in Philadelphia and Richard Henry Lee, the Virginia delegate, introduced a motion calling for the independence of the colonies. Amid heated debate, Congress rescheduled the vote on Lee's resolution but appointed a five-man committee - including Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, John Adams of Massachusetts, Roger Sherman of Connecticut, Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, and Robert R. Livingston of New York - to draft a formal statement justifying the defect from Great Britain. On July 2, 1776, in a virtually unanimous vote, the Continental Congress voted in favor of Lee's resolution for independence, and on July 4th, it formally adopted the Declaration of Independence, which had been written largely by Jefferson. Ultimately, the drafting of the Declaration of Independence was a contentious process. After much debate over what to include and what to leave out, Thomas Jefferson, tasked with pulling the document together, envisioned a nation where "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of happiness" crystallized the very meaning of being an American. The document proclaimed the 13 American colonies' liberation from Britain and reaffirmed their rights as free men - declaring that they were no longer subject (and subordinate) to the monarch of Britain, King George III, and were now united, free, and independent states. John Adams wrote to his wife Abigail that July 2 "will be celebrated, by succeeding Generations, as the great anniversary Festival" and that the celebration should include "Pomp and Parade_Games, Sports, Guns, Bells, Bonfires and Illuminations from one End of this Continent to the other." By an extraordinary coincidence, Thomas Jefferson and John Adams, the only two signatories of the Declaration of Independence later to serve as presidents of the United States, both died on the same day: July 4, 1826, which was the 50th anniversary of the Declaration. Although not a signatory of the Declaration of Independence, James Monroe, another Founding Father who was elected as president, also died on July 4, 1831, making him the third President who died on the anniversary of independence. The only U.S. president to have been born on Independence Day was Calvin Coolidge, who was born on July 4, 1872. 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Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Twentieth Century With Walter Cronkite TV Series DVD MP4 USB Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4: Philippine Independence Day (Philippine Republic Day, Filipino-American Friendship Day): -- A day where filipinos mark their historical alliance with the United States. It commemorates two important events in Filipino-American history: 1) July 4, 1901: William Howard Taft became the American governor of the Philippines; 2) July 4, 1903: The Philippine-American War is officially concluded with the signing of The Treaty Of Manila Of 1946 (The Treaty Of General Relations And Protocol), and 3) July 4, 1946: After 381 years of near-continuous colonial rule by various powers, the Philippines attains full independence from the United States. The relationship between the two countries started as a hostile one and then, with the intervention of another force, to a friendly one. Filipinos believe the good they enjoyed from America outweighs the bad they suffered from them. They decided to celebrate their friendship with the country. Did you know that America greatly assisted the Philippines to fight the invading Japanese forces during WWII? Well, now you know why their friendship is worth celebrating. The celebration of Filipino-American Friendship Day follows more than 100 years of shared history between the two nations. The beginning of a good relationship between the two countries could be said to have started in 1946 when the Philippines gained their complete independence from the U.S. To show appreciation for the assistance offered to them when Japan attacked, the Philippines' government designated July 4 as Independence Day. It is also Filipino-American Friendship Day. The country had previously obtained independence from Spain years back. Subsequently, the Independence Day celebration was moved to July 12 by President Diosdado Macapagal, and Philippines Republic Day was arranged to be the new July 4 holiday. Rightly, Republic Day is another name for Filipino-American Friendship Day. And so, we can say that the celebration of the day unofficially began at that time. With a charge toward solidifying the relationship between Filipinos and Americans, President Ramon Magsaysay issued a proclamation, establishing the celebration of Philippine American Day in 1955. And in 1984, under the rule of President Ferdinand Marcos, July 4 was designated as a non-working holiday to celebrate Filipino-American Friendship Day. For this, we can say that the first official celebration of Filipino-American Friendship Day under the name it is known began in 1984. The overthrow of President Marcos led to the ascension of the Philippines' first female president, President Corazon C. Aquino in 1987. The non-working holiday status of the day was abolished. A list of special and regular holidays was released under the Administrative Code of 1987 and did not include July 4. Notwithstanding, the relationship between the Philippines and the U.S. remains good. For example, basketball was introduced into the country during its American occupation and today the country boasts of having Asia's first basketball league, which is also the second oldest in the world after the American N.B.A. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-twentieth-century-with-walter-cronkite-5-dual-layer-dvd5.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Uncle Dave Macon Program DVD, MP4 Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4: National Hillbilly Day: -- A day that recognizes hillbilly culture and celebrates the traditions and lifestyles of those that reside in rural areas of the Southern United States. Hillbillies have a reputation for living a very different life than those who live in urban and suburban areas. The term 'hillbilly' was often used to refer to the community who lived in the Appalachian Mountains of Kentucky and West Virginia. The history of the hillbillies is a long and colorful one. Hillbillies are often described as simple country folk who live in rural, remote areas of the south and are often out of touch with modern society. Hillbillies are also known for their love of moonshine, a homemade liquor so named because it was originally illegal and the only way to avoid getting caught was to make it at nighttime. The stereotypical Hillbilly also has a kinship with nature and animals. National Hillbilly Day is celebrated on July 4th and was conceptualized by the Ozark Mountain Jubilee, a radio program that helped popularize the term hillbilly in the 1930s. The show was later turned into a television program that ran from 1955 on A.B.C. In 1971, National Hillbilly Day was initiated at a festival in Bentonville, Arkansas, to raise money for the city's first library. These days when you think of hillbillies, you probably imagine a different kind of person because the common perception of them includes drug use, domestic abuse, and resentment for outsiders. In reality, however, most 'hillbillies' are a kind, compassionate people. National Hillbilly Day offers a chance for people to honor the spirit, heritage, and culture of Appalachia and its people. It's a time to show appreciation for bluegrass music, pigskin workmanship, and catfish catching prowess that is part of their rich tradition. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-uncle-dave-macon-program-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Disguises Of War The History Of Camouflage & Stealth DVD MP4 USB Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4: Invisible Day: -- On some days don't you feel like disappearing? There are days when we feel left out or invisible, while there are also days we want to feel that way. Invisible Day makes us wonder what we would do if we were invisible - would you eavesdrop on other people's conversations or make your way around town without being seen by anyone? Would you use your power of invisibility for the greater good or will you be selfish about it? Invisible Day presents us with so many interesting possibilities! Who knows how Invisible Day came to be? Whatever be the reason and whoever is the brain behind it, probably wanted us to focus on those days when we feel tired or defeated. On some days we simply don't feel our best, and all we desire is to leave everything behind and simply vanish into thin air. But if you want to disappear on Invisible Day, you can do so by taking leave from work and spending the day doing what pleases you. You can also go away on a short holiday and disconnect from the world for a while. Invisible Day is also an acknowledgment of mental health issues. The celebrations understand that it's okay to feel down every once in a while In a world where we are constantly connected to work and family, hyperconnectivity also makes us feel lonely. People also feel anxious when they are required to constantly be in touch with others. Invisible Day is an encouragement to take time off your schedule and have some alone time. When we hear 'invisible,' we know that humans cannot actually become invisible. However, the closest experience of invisibility that we can have is with invisible ink. Invisible ink, also known as security ink or sympathetic ink, when used for writing does not let the text appear on paper. It can later be made visible by some other means. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/disguises-of-war-the-history-of-camouflage-amp-stealth-dvd-mp4-usb-driv4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Lux Radio Theatre w/ Cecil B. DeMille MP3 Set DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4: Alice In Wonderland Day: -- July 4, 1862: Lewis Carroll tells Alice Liddell a story that would grow into Alice's Adventures In Wonderland and its sequels. Alice's Adventures In Wonderland (commonly shortened to Alice In Wonderland) is an 1865 novel written by English author Lewis Carroll (the pseudonym of Charles Dodgson). It tells of a young girl named Alice, who falls through a rabbit hole into a subterranean fantasy world populated by peculiar, anthropomorphic creatures. It is considered to be one of the best examples of the literary nonsense genre. The tale plays with logic, giving the story lasting popularity with adults as well as with children. One of the best-known and most popular works of English-language fiction, its narrative, structure, characters, and imagery have been enormously influential in popular culture and literature, especially in the fantasy genre. The work has never been out of print, and it has been translated into at least 97 languages. Its ongoing legacy encompasses many adaptations for stage, screen, radio, art, theme parks, board games, and video games. Carroll published a sequel in 1871, entitled Through the Looking-Glass, and a version for young children, The Nursery "Alice", in 1890. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/complete-lux-radio-theatre-2-dual-layer-mp3-dvds-cecil-b-demil23.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: West Point Union And Confederate Classmates MP4 Video Download Or DVD
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4: West Point Opening Day: -- July 4, 1802: Military Acadamies (Service Acadamies): Military Acadamies Of The United States: (Service Acadamies Of The United States): The United States Military Academy (USMA) (West Point): -- The United States Military Academy (USMA), commonly known as West Point, a United States service academy that educates cadets for service as commissioned officers in the United States Army, opens at West Point, New York. It is the oldest of the five American service academies (The United States Military Academy (USMA) in West Point, New York, founded in 1802; The United States Naval Academy (USNA) adjacent to Annapolis, Maryland,] founded in 1845; The United States Coast Guard Academy (USCGA) in New London, Connecticut, founded in 1876; The United States Merchant Marine Academy (USMMA) in Kings Point, New York, founded in 1943; and The United States Air Force Academy (USAFA) near Colorado Springs, Colorado, founded in 1954). The Army has occupied the site since establishing a fort there in 1780 during the American Revolutionary War, as it sits on strategic high ground overlooking the Hudson River 50 miles (80 km) north of New York City. West Point's academic program grants the Bachelor of Science degree with a curriculum that grades cadets' performance upon a broad academic program, military leadership performance, and mandatory participation in competitive athletics. Candidates for admission must apply directly to the academy and receive a nomination, usually from a member of Congress. Students are officers-in-training with the rank of cadet. Collectively, the students at the academy are the "United States Corps of Cadets" (USCC). The Army fully funds tuition for cadets in exchange for an active duty service obligation upon graduation. About 1,300 cadets enter the academy each July, with about 1,000 cadets graduating. The academy began admitting female cadets in 1976, and women now make up around 20% of entrants. The academy's traditions have influenced other institutions because of its age and unique mission. It was the first American college to have an accredited civil engineering program, and its technical curriculum became a model for engineering schools. It was also the first college to have class rings. West Point fields 15 men's and nine women's National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) sports teams. Cadets compete in one sport every fall, winter, and spring season at the intramural, club, or intercollegiate level. Its football team was a national power in the early and mid-20th century, winning three national championships. Its alumni are collectively referred to as "The Long Gray Line," which include U.S. presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower and Ulysses S. Grant; Confederate president Jefferson Davis; Confederate generals Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson; American poet Edgar Allan Poe; U.S. generals William Tecumseh Sherman, John J. Pershing, Douglas MacArthur, Omar Bradley, and George Patton; presidents of Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and the Philippines; and 76 Medal of Honor recipients. West Point was first occupied on January 27, 1778 by The Continental Army, and it remains the oldest continuously operating Army post in the United States Of America. The Mexican-American War brought the academy to prominence as its graduates proved themselves in battle for the first time; in all, 452 of 523 graduates who served in the war received battlefield promotions or awards for bravery. Future Civil War commanders Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee, who also later became the superintendent of the academy, first distinguished themselves in battle in Mexico. The school experienced a rapid modernization during the 1850s, often romanticized by the graduates who led both sides of the Civil War as the "end of the Old West Point era." New barracks brought better heat and gas lighting, while new ordnance and tactics training incorporated new rifle and musket technology and accommodated transportation advances created by the steam engine. With the outbreak of the Civil War, West Point graduates filled the general officer ranks of the rapidly expanding Union and Confederate armies. Many of these West Point graduate officers had friends on opposing sides of the war, friendships that were maintained during the war and continued afterwards. Examples of this include the Union army's lighting bonfires and sending across battle lines a silver tea service in celebration of the birth of Confederate General George Pickett's son George Edward Pickett Jr (1864-1911); Union Captain George Armstong Custer attended the wedding of West Point classmate and Confederate Captain John Willis Lea; Union General Ulysses S. Grant refused to proffer unconditional surrender terms to Confederate General Robert E. Lee, the latter stating beforehand to his officers that he knew General Grant would give the South the honorable peace terms it deserved, and for the rest of his life, Robert E. Lee "would not tolerate an unkind word about Grant in his presence"; after the Confederate surrender at Appomattox Court House, both Union and Confederate West Point Graduate officers exchanged hand shakes and back slaps, with Grant cheerfully slapping the back of Confederate General James Longstreet, best friends at West Point, inviting him to play the card game of Brags like they used to at the academy; and numerous other examples which this documentary recounts. In all, 294 graduates served as general officers for the Union, and 151 served as general officers for the Confederacy. Of all living graduates at the time of the war, 105 (10%) were killed, and another 151 (15%) were wounded. Nearly every general officer of note from either army during the Civil War was a graduate of West Point, and a West Point graduate commanded the forces of one or both sides in every one of the 60 major battles of the war. Immediately following the Civil War, the academy enjoyed unprecedented fame as a result of the role its graduates had played. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/west-point-union-and-confederate-classmates-mp4-video-download-or-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: World War II Propaganda Cartoons MP4 Video Download 2 DVD Set
Today, July 4, 2026

( #JCKaelin here: The following is from my "Orphan Ann ('Tokyo Rose') Sound And Pictures Page https://www.earthstation1.com/Tokyo_Rose.html , founded in 1997 as one of the earliest web pages on the world wide web, which has served ever since as a clearing house and academic source for information regarding Iva Toguri (which is what she called herself). Iva and I became good friends in her later life, a privilege she allowed fewer people than "can barely be accounted for on two hands", to quote this page. You'll understand why as you read on. We had many long conversations (one 9 1/2 hours long while she was in the Masonic Hospital in Chicago when she was treated for sciatica), and she went out of her way to tell me at the conclusion virtually all of those conversations "I love you", something that is extraordinarily rare for a Japanese of either American or Japanese national origin to do, let alone of her generation. I owe her a great debt of thanks, as it was in large part her faith in me that I took the courage of my convictions, volunteered off of disability after recovering from crippling case of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome that disabled me for a decade, and encouraged me to make the operation of EarthStation1.com my chosen profession. I miss her every day, I pray for her guidance virtually daily, and her picture has hung directly in front of my office desk all these years :) .) ============= July 4, 1916: #BOTD: #HBD! Iva Toguri, married name Iva Toguri D'Aquino, American disc jockey, radio personality, saboteur and Americna patriot who was a host on the English-language radio broadcasts transmitted by Radio Tokyo to Allied troops in the South Pacific during World War II on the Zero Hour radio show (d. September 26, 2006) is #born Iva Ikuko Toguri in Los Angeles, the daughter of Japanese immigrants Jun and Fumi Toguri. Iva was a Girl Scout, and was raised a Christian. ============= "Orphan Ann" ("Tokyo Rose") By J.C. Kaelin 1997, 2018 She was probably the most listened-to disc jockey in history, yet hardly anyone remembers her as such today, in spite of, or perhaps because of, the lingering infamous legend surrounding her. Brought up by her immigrant Methodist parents to think of herself as an American, Iva Ikuko Toguri (1916 - 2006), a first generation Japanese-American ("Nisei") was forced to broadcast propaganda for Japan during World War II, after her native U.S. abandoned her there mere days before the Pearl Harbor attack, and despite her continual efforts throughout the war to return home. Chosen out of the NHK/Radio Tokyo typing pool to be a disc jockey by the very Allied POW's being beaten and starved into writing her shows, she became an adept at sabotage of her own broadcasts, trained to read and eventually write her segments of "The Zero Hour" the way the POW saboteurs intended, while helping to keep these soldiers alive at mortal personal risk with food, medicine, clothing and hope during her almost daily visits to their cells. Though employed to broadcast pro-japanese propaganda, her outspoken support of the Allies off-mike (while cleverly concealing it within her message and delivery on-air) resulted in numerous arguments and even fist fights at work, and continual harrasment at home and elsewhere. She literally cheered in the streets as U.S. Gen. Doolittle's Raiders flew over Tokyo, and cheered yet again when the first American B-29's appeared over Tokyo in the fall of '44 (the first one was a BR-29 reconnaissance craft named "Tokyo Rose"). When she decided that NHK and the Japanese Army were interfering too much with the show, she started not showing up for work, spending months incommunicado without permission, at one point taking a month's retreat at a Church college to receive religious instruction to convert to Roman Catholicism. She was the only Japanese of Allied national citizenship involved with broadcasting WWII Japanese propaganda to refuse to give up their citizenship, even in the face of the twice-weekly and sometimes daily 3 AM harrassments she endured at the hands of the Kempeitai Thought Police. Yet in spite of, and ironically because of this, she was to be only person ever tried or sent to prison for these broadcasts, based wholly upon evidence that U.S. authorites had fabricated and threatened two NHK workers who had given up their American citizenship, George Mitsushio and Ken Oki, into perjuring themselves with. In a trial she was subjected to precisely because she had kept her precious citizenship intact, she was to see it revoked in the end as part of her punishment. Hers was the most expensive trial in American history up until that time, and probably the most garishly trumped-up of all its show trials, though these facts have been largely forgotten. All this in order that she might have foisted upon her for popular and political purposes the title of "Tokyo Rose", even though neither she nor anyone else had ever broadcast for the Japanese under that name, and had in fact never even been in front of a radio microphone till fall of 1943, years after the myth of a single "Tokyo Rose" arose from the imaginations of Allied soldiers in the Pacific who tried to put a face on the many female voices coming from numerous Japanese controlled radio stations. Though long since pardoned by President Ford, himself a veteran of the Pacific War and survivor of many kamikaze attacks, controversy over her supposed guilt continues even to this day. Of her own broadcasts, during which she actually used the name "Orphan Ann", all that remains are a smattering of scripts, and a precious few recordings that can barely be accounted for on two hands. This webpage is part of an ongoing project to bring the sights, the sounds and the facts about Ms. Toguri to the World Wide Web so that the world public can see, hear and read for themselves the truth about this extraordinary women, and the tragic injustices that have been and continue to be perpetrated against her. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/world-war-ii-propaganda-cartoons-dvd-dual-layer-all-regions.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: American Revolutionary War Documentaries DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1776: The Age Of Enlightenment (The Enlightenment, The Age Of Reason): The Age Of Revolution: The Atlantic Revolutions: The American Enlightenment: The American Revolution: The Declaration Of Independence (The Unanimous Declaration Of The Thirteen United States of America): -- The Declaration Of Independence, the founding document of the United States in both the engrossed version and the original printing, is unanimously approved by the 56 delegates to The Second Continental Congress, who convened at the Pennsylvania State House, later renamed Independence Hall, in the colonial era capital of Philadelphia. The Declaration explains to the world why the Thirteen Colonies regarded themselves as independent sovereign states no longer subject to British colonial rule. The 56 delegates who signed the Declaration Of Independence came to be known as the nation's Founding Fathers, and the Declaration has become one of the most circulated, reprinted, and influential documents in world history. The Second Continental Congress charged the Committee of Five, including John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Robert R. Livingston, and Roger Sherman, with authoring the Declaration. Adams, a leading proponent of independence, persuaded the Committee of Five to charge Jefferson with writing the document's original draft, which the Second Continental Congress then edited. Jefferson largely wrote the Declaration in isolation between June 11 and June 28, 1776, from the second floor of a three-story home he was renting at 700 Market Street in Philadelphia. The Declaration was a formal explanation of why the Continental Congress voted to declare American independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, over a year after the American Revolutionary War commenced with the Battles of Lexington and Concord, in April 1775. Two days prior to the Declaration's unanimous adoption, the Second Continental Congress unanimously passed the Lee Resolution, which established the consensus of the Congress that the British had no governing authority over the Thirteen Colonies. After unanimously ratifying the text on July 4, Congress issued the Declaration Of Independence in several forms. It was published as the printed Dunlap broadside, which was widely distributed. The Declaration was first read to the public simultaneously at noon on July 8, 1776, in three exclusively designated locations: Easton, Pennsylvania; Philadelphia; and Trenton, New Jersey. What Jefferson called his "original Rough draft", one of several revisions, is currently preserved at the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., complete with changes made by Adams and Franklin, and Jefferson's notes of changes made by Congress. The best-known version of the Declaration is the signed copy now displayed at the National Archives in Washington, D.C., which is popularly regarded as the official document; this copy, engrossed by Timothy Matlack, was ordered by Congress on July 19, and signed primarily on August 2, 1776. The Declaration justified the independence of the United States by listing 27 colonial grievances against King George III and by asserting certain natural and legal rights, including a right of revolution. On November 19, 1863, following the Battle of Gettysburg, the bloodiest battle of the American Civil War, Abraham Lincoln made the Declaration the centerpiece of his Gettysburg Address, a brief but powerful and enduring 271-word statement dedicating what is now Gettysburg National Cemetery. The Declaration Of Independence has proven an influential and globally impactful statement on human rights, particularly its second sentence: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." Stephen Lucas called the Declaration Of Independence "one of the best-known sentences in the English language." Historian Joseph Ellis has written that the document contains "the most potent and consequential words in American history". The passage came to represent a moral standard to which the United States should strive. This view was notably promoted by Lincoln, who considered the Declaration to be the foundation of his political philosophy and argued that it is a statement of principles through which the United States Constitution should be interpreted. The 56 delegates who signed the Declaration represented each of the Thirteen Colonies: New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. The Declaration Of Independence inspired many similar documents in other countries, the first being the 1789 Declaration of United Belgian States issued during the Brabant Revolution in the Austrian Netherlands. It also served as the primary model for numerous declarations of independence in Europe, Latin America, Africa, and Oceania following its adoption. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/american-revolutionary-war-dvd-documentaries.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: American Lifestyle Famous Americans TV Series DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1826: #DOTD: #RIP: Thomas Jefferson, American author, inventor, lawyer, politician, architect, one of the finest minds of the 1700s, Founding Father who was the principal author of the Declaration Of Independence and later served as the third President of the United States from 1801 to 1809 (b. April 13, 1743) #dies aged 83 at his his masterpiece plantation mansion of Monticello near Charlottesville, Virginia. on the same day as John Adams, founding father and second president of the United States, both dying on the fiftieth anniversary of the adoption of the United States Declaration Of Independence which Jefferson wrote and both he and Adams signed. He is buried in the graveyard of Monticello. Thomas Jefferson was born at the family's Shadwell Plantation in Goochland (now in Albemarle County), Virginia Colony. Prior to becoming President, he was elected the second Vice President of the United States, serving under John Adams from 1797 to 1801. A proponent of democracy, republicanism, and individual rights motivating American colonists to break from Great Britain and form a new nation, he produced formative documents and decisions at both the state and national level. He was a land owner and farmer. Jefferson was primarily of English ancestry, born and educated in colonial Virginia. He graduated from the College of William and Mary and briefly practiced law, at times defending slaves seeking their freedom. During the American Revolution, he represented Virginia in the Continental Congress that adopted the Declaration, drafted the law for religious freedom as a Virginia legislator, and he served as a wartime governor (1779-1781). He became the United States Minister to France in May 1785, and subsequently the nation's first Secretary Of State in 1790-1793 under President George Washington. Jefferson and James Madison organized the Democratic-Republican Party to oppose the Federalist Party during the formation of the First Party System. With Madison, he anonymously wrote the controversial Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions in 1798-1799, which sought to embolden states' rights in opposition to the national government by nullifying the Alien and Sedition Acts. As President, Jefferson pursued the nation's shipping and trade interests against Barbary pirates and aggressive British trade policies. He also organized the Louisiana Purchase, almost doubling the country's territory. As a result of peace negotiations with France, his administration reduced military forces. He was reelected in 1804. Jefferson's second term was beset with difficulties at home, including the trial of former Vice President Aaron Burr. American foreign trade was diminished when Jefferson implemented the Embargo Act of 1807, responding to British threats to U.S. shipping. In 1803, Jefferson began a controversial process of Indian tribe removal to the newly organized Louisiana Territory, and he signed the Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves in 1807. Jefferson mastered many disciplines, which ranged from surveying and mathematics to horticulture and mechanics. He was a proven architect in the classical tradition. Jefferson's keen interest in religion and philosophy earned him the presidency of the American Philosophical Society. He shunned organized religion but was influenced by both Christianity and deism. He was well versed in linguistics and spoke several languages. He founded the University of Virginia after retiring from public office. He was a prolific letter writer and corresponded with many prominent and important people throughout his adult life. His only full-length book is Notes on the State of Virginia (1785), considered the most important American book published before 1800. Although regarded as a leading spokesman for democracy and republicanism in the era of the Enlightenment, Jefferson's historical legacy is mixed. He owned and profited from several plantations which were worked by slaves throughout all of his adult life. There is evidence that after his wife Martha died in 1782, Jefferson fathered children with Martha's half-sister, and his sister-in-law, Sally Hemings, who was his slave. Some modern scholarship has been critical of Jefferson's private life, pointing out the contradiction between his ownership of slaves and his famous declaration that "all men are created equal." He continues to rank highly among U.S. presidents. Presidential scholars and historians generally praise Jefferson's public achievements, including his primary authorship of the Declaration Of Independence, advocacy of religious freedom and tolerance in Virginia, and his oversight of the Louisiana Purchase. He died on July 4, 1826, the same day as John Adams, second president of the United States, on the fiftieth anniversary of the adoption of the United States Declaration Of Independence. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/american-lifestyle-famous-americans-tv-series-2-dual-layer-dvd2.html

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Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1826: #DOTD: #RIP: John Adams, one of the founding fathers of the United States, American statesman, attorney, diplomat, writer, second president of the United States from 1797 to 1801 (b. October 30, 1735) #dies aged aged 90 at his home in Quincy, Massachusetts on the same day as Thomas Jefferson, founding father and third president of the United States, both dying on the fiftieth anniversary of the adoption of the United States Declaration Of Independence which Jefferson wrote and both he and Adams signed. He is buried in the cemetery of The United First Parish Church in Quincy. Before his presidency, he was a leader of the American Revolution that achieved independence from Great Britain. During the latter part of the Revolutionary War and in the early years of the new nation, he served the U.S. government as a senior diplomat in Europe. Adams was the first person to hold the office of vice president of the United States, serving from 1789 to 1797. He was a dedicated diarist and regularly corresponded with important contemporaries, including his wife and adviser Abigail Adams and his friend and political rival Thomas Jefferson. A lawyer and political activist prior to the Revolution, Adams was devoted to the right to counsel and presumption of innocence. He defied anti-British sentiment and successfully defended British soldiers against murder charges arising from the Boston Massacre. Adams was a Massachusetts delegate to the Continental Congress and became a leader of the revolution. He assisted Jefferson in drafting the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and was its primary advocate in Congress. As a diplomat he helped negotiate a peace treaty with Great Britain and secured vital governmental loans. Adams was the primary author of the Massachusetts Constitution in 1780, which influenced the United States Constitution, as did his essay Thoughts on Government. Adams was elected to two terms as vice president under President George Washington and was elected as the United States' second president in 1796. He was the only president elected under the banner of the Federalist Party. Adams's term was dominated by the issue of the French Revolutionary Wars, and his insistence on American neutrality led to fierce criticism from both the Jeffersonian Republicans and from some in his own party, led by his rival Alexander Hamilton. Adams signed the controversial Alien and Sedition Acts, and built up the Army and Navy in the undeclared naval war with France. He was the first president to reside in the White House. In his bid in 1800 for reelection to the presidency, opposition from Federalists and accusations of despotism from Jeffersonians led to Adams losing to his vice president and former friend Jefferson, and he retired to Massachusetts. He eventually resumed his friendship with Jefferson by initiating a continuing correspondence. He and Abigail generated the Adams political family, including their son John Quincy Adams, the sixth president. John Adams died on July 4, 1826 - the fiftieth anniversary of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence. Adams and his son are the only presidents of the first twelve who never owned slaves. Historians and scholars have favorably ranked his administration. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/portraits-of-american-presidents-nos-142-tv-series-mp4-download1424.html

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Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1831: #DOTD: #RIP: James Monroe, one of the founding fathers of the United States, American soldier, statesman, lawyer, and politician, 5th President of the United States from 1817 to 1825 (b. April 28, 1758) #dies aged 73 in Lower Manhattan, New York on the anniversary of 1) the Declaration Of Independence, 2) the death of fellow founding father Thomas Jefferson, and 3) the death of fellow founding father John Adams. He is buried at Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond, Virginia. James Monroewass #born in Westmoreland County, Virginia. Monroe was the last president of the Virginia dynasty, and his presidency ushered in what is known as the Era of Good Feelings. Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, Monroe was of the planter class and fought in the American Revolutionary War. He was wounded in the Battle of Trenton with a musket ball to his shoulder. After studying law under Thomas Jefferson from 1780 to 1783, he served as a delegate in the Continental Congress. As an anti-federalist delegate to the Virginia convention that considered ratification of the United States Constitution, Monroe opposed ratification, claiming it gave too much power to the central government. He took an active part in the new government, and in 1790 he was elected to the Senate of the first United States Congress, where he joined the Democratic-Republicans. He gained experience as an executive as the Governor of Virginia and rose to national prominence as a diplomat in France, when he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. During the War Of 1812, Monroe served in critical roles as Secretary Of State and the Secretary of War under President James Madison. Facing little opposition from the fractured Federalist Party, Monroe was easily elected president in 1816, winning over 80 percent of the electoral vote and becoming the last president during the First Party System era of American politics (a model of American politics used in history and political science to periodize the political party system that existed in the United States between roughly 1792 and 1824). As president, he sought to ease partisan tensions, embarking on a tour of the country that was well received. With the ratification of the Treaty of 1818, under the successful diplomacy of his Secretary Of State John Quincy Adams, the United States extended its reach from the Atlantic to the Pacific, by acquiring harbor and fishing rights in the Pacific Northwest; the United States and Britain jointly occupied the Oregon Country. In addition to the acquisition of Florida, the 1819 Adams-Onis Treaty secured the westernmost section of the southern border of the United States along the 42nd Parallel to the Pacific Ocean and represented America's first determined attempt at creating an "American global empire". As nationalism surged, partisan acrimony subsided. This swell of national purpose and political harmony subsided some when the Panic of 1819 struck and a dispute over the admission of Missouri embroiled the country in 1820. Nonetheless, Monroe won near-unanimous reelection. Monroe supported the founding of colonies in Africa for freed slaves that would eventually form the nation of Liberia, whose capital, Monrovia, is named in his honor. In 1823, he announced the United States' opposition to any European intervention in the recently independent countries of the Americas with the Monroe Doctrine, which became a landmark in American foreign policy. His presidency concluded the first period of American presidential history before the beginning of Jacksonian democracy and the Second Party System era. Following his retirement in 1825, Monroe was plagued by financial difficulties. James Monroe died in New York City on the anniversary of 1) the Declaration Of Independence, 2) the death of fellow founding father Thomas Jefferson, and 3) the death of fellow founding father John Adams. He was buried in Marble Cemetery in New York City, then moved to The James Monroe Tomb in Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia. The principal feature of the tomb is an architecturally unusual cast iron cage, designed by Albert Lybrock and installed in 1859. The tomb was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1971 for its unique architecture. To Richmonders it is colloquially known as The Birdcage. He has been generally ranked as an above-average president. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/mister-president-historical-old-time-radio-mp3-c3.html

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Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1831: Aesthetics: Performing Arts: Premieres: Musical Premieres: United States Musical Premieres: National Symbols: National Symbols Of The United States: Patriotic Songs: American Patriotic Songs: National Anthems: National Anthems Of The United States: My Country, 'Tis Of Thee: -- "My Country, 'Tis of Thee", also known as simply "America" receives its first performance at a children's Independence Day celebration at Park Street Church in Boston, while all those involved were unaware that American Founding Father and 5th President Of The United States James Monroe had died that same day. One of the de facto national anthems of the United States (along with songs like "Hail, Columbia") before the adoption of "The Star-Spangled Banner" as the official U.S. national anthem in 1931, the lyrics were written by Andover Theological Seminary student Samuel Francis Smith earlier that year, and was set to the melody the national anthem of the United Kingdom, "God Save the King" by composer Lowell Mason. The use of the same melody as the British royal anthem is a contrafactum which reworks this symbol of British monarchy to make a statement about American democracy. The first publication of "America" was in 1832. An abolitionist version was written, by A. G. Duncan, 1843, with lyrics mentioning white and black races. For Washington's Centennial celebration, another verse was added to the original version. Marian Anderson performed the song at the Lincoln Memorial on Easter Sunday, April 9, 1939. Anderson, an African American singer, had been forbidden to perform at the DAR Constitution Hall due to its racist whites-only policy. After a national outcry, and with support from Eleanor Roosevelt, the concert was held on the steps of the memorial, and attracted a crowd of more than 75,000 in addition to a national radio audience of millions. Martin Luther King Jr. recited the first verse of the song toward the end of his famous "I Have a Dream" speech at the Lincoln Memorial during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963. Crosby, Stills & Nash performed the song on the first episode of The Tonight Show with Jay Leno that aired after the September 11 attacks in 2001. On January 20, 2009, Aretha Franklin sang the song at the first inauguration of Barack Obama. Kelly Clarkson sang it at his second inauguration. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/marian-anderson-dvd-documentary.html

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Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1817: The Territorial Evolution Of The United States: The Erie Canal: -- In Rome, New York, construction on the Erie Canal begins, the historic direct passage canal in upstate New York that runs east-west from the Hudson River to Lake Erie. Completed in 1825 and first opened for waterway traffic on October 26, 1825, the canal was the first navigable waterway connecting the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes, vastly reducing the costs of transporting people and goods across the Appalachians. In effect, the canal accelerated the settlement of the Great Lakes region, the westward expansion of the United States, and the economic ascendancy of New York State. It has been called "The Nation's First Superhighway." A canal from the Hudson to the Great Lakes was first proposed in the 1780s, but a formal survey was not conducted until 1808. The New York State Legislature authorized construction in 1817. Political opponents of the canal, and of its lead supporter New York Governor DeWitt Clinton, denigrated the project as "Clinton's Folly" and "Clinton's Big Ditch". Nonetheless, the canal saw quick success upon opening on October 26, 1825, with toll revenue covering the state's construction debt within the first year of operation. The westward connection gave New York City a strong advantage over all other U.S. ports and brought major growth to canal cities such as Albany, Utica, Syracuse, Rochester, and Buffalo. The construction of the Erie Canal was a landmark civil engineering achievement in the early history of the United States. When built, the 363-mile (584 km) canal was the second-longest in the world (after the Grand Canal in China). Initially 40 feet (12 m) wide and 4 feet (1.2 m) deep, the canal was expanded several times, most notably from 1905 to 1918 when the "Barge Canal" was built and over half the original route was abandoned. The modern Barge Canal measures 351 miles (565 km) long, 120 feet (37 m) wide, and 12 feet (3.7 m) deep. It has 34 locks, including the Waterford Flight, the steepest locks in the United States. When leaving the canal, boats must also traverse the Black Rock Lock to reach Lake Erie or the Troy Federal Lock to reach the tidal Hudson. The overall elevation difference is about 565 feet (172 m). The Erie's peak year was 1855, when 33,000 commercial shipments took place. It continued to be competitive with railroads until about 1902, when tolls were abolished. Commercial traffic declined heavily in the latter half of the 20th century due to competition from trucking and the 1959 opening of the larger St. Lawrence Seaway. The canal's last regularly-scheduled hauler, the Day Peckinpaugh, ended service in 1994. Today, the Erie Canal is mainly used by recreational watercraft. It connects the three other canals in the New York State Canal System: the Champlain, Oswego, and Cayuga-Seneca. Some long-distance boaters take the Erie as part of the Great Loop. The canal has also become a tourist attraction in its own right-a number of parks and museums are dedicated to its history. The Erie Canalway Trail is a popular cycling path that follows the canal across the state. In 2000, Congress designated the Erie Canalway National Heritage Corridor to protect and promote the system. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-american-adventure-series-us-1st-century-4-dv14.html

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Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1863- The American Civil War (The Civil War, The War Between The States): The Western Theater Of The American Civil War: The Vicksburg Campaign: The Siege Of Vicksburg: The Fall Of Vicksburg: -- Vicksburg, the last Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River, surrendered to General Grant and the Army of the West after a six week siege. With the Union in control of the Mississippi, the Confederacy was effectively split in two, cut off from its western allies. The Siege Of Vicksburg (May 18 - July 4, 1863) was the final major military action in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. Vicksburg was the last major Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River. The successful ending of the Vicksburg Campaign significantly degraded the ability of the Confederacy to maintain its war effort. The Confederate surrender of Vicksburg on July 4, 1863 is sometimes considered, when combined with Gen. Robert E. Lee's defeat at Gettysburg by Maj. Gen. George Meade, the turning point of the war. It cut off the states of Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas from the rest of the Confederate States, effectively splitting the Confederacy in two for the duration of the war. The Union victory also permanently severed communication between the Trans-Mississippi Department and the balance of the Confederacy. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-siege-of-vicksburg-american-civil-war-dvd-mp4-download-usb-driv4.html

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Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1863: The American Civil War (The Civil War, The War Between The States): The Eastern Theater Of The American Civil War: The Gettysburg Campaign: The Battle Of Gettysburg: The Retreat From Gettysburg: -- The Army Of Northern Virginia withdraws from the battlefield after losing the Battle Of Gettysburg, signalling an end to the Southern invasion of the North. The Battle Of Gettysburg was fought July 1-3, 1863, in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, by Union and Confederate forces during the American Civil War. The battle involved the largest number of casualties of the entire war and is often described as the war's turning point. Union Maj. Gen. George Meade's Army Of The Potomac defeated attacks by Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army Of Northern Virginia, halting Lee's invasion of the North. After his success at Chancellorsville in Virginia in May 1863, Lee led his army through the Shenandoah Valley to begin his second invasion of the North-the Gettysburg Campaign. With his army in high spirits, Lee intended to shift the focus of the summer campaign from war-ravaged northern Virginia and hoped to influence Northern politicians to give up their prosecution of the war by penetrating as far as Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, or even Philadelphia. Prodded by President Abraham Lincoln, Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker moved his army in pursuit, but was relieved of command just three days before the battle and replaced by Meade. The day after the two armies collided on at Gettysburg on July 1, most of both armies had assembled. The Union line was laid out in a defensive formation resembling a fishhook. In the late afternoon of July 2, Lee launched a heavy assault on the Union left flank, and fierce fighting raged at Little Round Top, the Wheatfield, Devil's Den, and the Peach Orchard. On the Union right, Confederate demonstrations escalated into full-scale assaults on Culp's Hill and Cemetery Hill. All across the battlefield, despite significant losses, the Union defenders held their lines. On the third day of battle, fighting resumed on Culp's Hill, and cavalry battles raged to the east and south, but the main event was a dramatic infantry assault by 12,500 Confederates against the center of the Union line on Cemetery Ridge, known as Pickett's Charge. The charge was repulsed by Union rifle and artillery fire, at great loss to the Confederate army. Lee led his army on a torturous retreat back to Virginia. Between 46,000 and 51,000 soldiers from both armies were casualties in the three-day battle, the most costly in US history. On November 19, President Lincoln used the dedication ceremony for the Gettysburg National Cemetery to honor the fallen Union soldiers and redefine the purpose of the war in his historic Gettysburg Address. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-battle-of-gettysburg-civilians-dvd-mp4-download-usb-flash-driv4.html

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Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1913: The American Civil War (The Civil War, The War Between The States): The Eastern Theater Of The American Civil War: The Gettysburg Campaign: The Battle Of Gettysburg: The Great Reunion (The Great Reunion Of 1913, The 1913 Gettysburg Reunion): -- President Woodrow Wilson addresses American Civil War veterans at the Great Reunion Of 1913. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/long-shadows-dvd-legacy-of-the-american-civil-war.html

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Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1900: #BOTD: #HBD! Traditional birthday of Louis Armstrong, nicknamed "Satchmo", "Satch", and "Pops", American trumpeter, composer, singer and occasional actor who was one of the most influential figures in American music, popular music and jazz (b. July 4, 1900 (Traditional), August 4, 1901 (Documented) - July 6, 1971). Louis Armstrong was born Louis Daniel Armstrong New Orleans; Armstrong often stated that he was born on July 4, 1900, a date that has been noted in many biographies. Although he died in 1971, it was not until the mid-1980s that his true birth date, August 4, 1901, was discovered by the music historian and researcher Tad Jones through the examination of baptismal records while researching an unpublished biography of Louis Armstrong's early life. Pops' career spanned five decades, from the 1920s to the 1960s, and different eras in music. Coming to prominence in the 1920s as an "inventive" trumpet and cornet player, Armstrong was a foundational influence in jazz, shifting the focus of the music from collective improvisation to solo performance. With his instantly recognizable gravelly voice, Armstrong was also an influential singer, demonstrating great dexterity as an improviser, bending the lyrics and melody of a song for expressive purposes. He was also originated scat singing on the Hot Five recording "Heebie Jeebies" in 1926. Louis Armstrong died of a heart attack in his sleep at his home in Corona, Queens, New York City on July 6, 1971, a month before his 70th birthday. He is interred in Flushing Cemetery, Flushing, in Queens, New York City. His honorary pallbearers included Bing Crosby, Ella Fitzgerald, Dizzy Gillespie, Pearl Bailey, Count Basie, Harry James, Frank Sinatra, Ed Sullivan, Earl Wilson, Alan King, Johnny Carson and David Frost. Peggy Lee sang The Lord's Prayer at the services while Al Hibbler sang "Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen" and Fred Robbins, a long-time friend, gave the eulogy. Duke Ellington, quoted in DownBeat magazine in 1971, said, "If anybody was a master, it was Louis Armstrong. He was and will continue to be the embodiment of jazz." In 1950, Bing Crosby, the most successful vocalist of the first half of the 20th century, said, "He is the beginning and the end of music in America." On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/satchmo-in-new-orleans-dvd-louis-armstrong-documentary.html

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Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1960: The United States: The History Of The United States: The National Flag Of The United States: The Flag Act Of 1818: -- Due to the post-Independence Day admission of Hawaii as the 50th U.S. state on August 21, 1959, the 50-star flag of the United States debuts in Philadelphia, almost ten and a half months later. The Flag Act Of 1818 (3 Stat. 415), enacted by Congress on April 4, 1818, provided for the modern rule of having the United States flag contain thirteen horizontal stripes and having the number of stars match the current number of states. It also provided that future changes in the number of stars would be effect on the next Independence Day, July 4. As the result of the lack of a Flag Act between 1794 and 1818, there were no official U.S. flags with sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, or nineteen stars. No flag laws were enacted to accompany the admission of new states to the Union during this period. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/dwight-d-eisenhower-documentaries-dual-layer-dvd.html

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Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1894: Hawaii: The History Of Hawaii: The Republic Of Hawaii (Hawaiian: Lepupalika O Hawai'i): -- The short-lived Republic of Hawaii is proclaimed by Sanford B. Dole. The Republic of Hawaii was the formal name of the nation of Hawaii between July 4, 1894, when the Provisional Government of Hawaii ended, and August 12, 1898, when it was annexed by the United States as a territory of the United States. The Territory of Hawaii was formally established as part of the U.S. on June 14, 1900. The Kingdom of Hawaii was overthrown in 1893 in a mostly bloodless revolt against Queen Liliuokalani who rejected the constitution then in effect put there by popular force, commonly called the Bayonet Constitution. American officials immediately recognized the new government and U.S. Marines were sent by the US Ambassador to aid in the overthrow. The Queen's supporters charged that their presence frightened the Queen and thus enabled the revolution. The new Republic of Hawaii was led by men of European ancestry, like Sanford B. Dole and Lorrin A. Thurston, who were native-born subjects of the Hawaiian kingdom and speakers of the Hawaiian language, but had strong financial, political, and family ties to the United States. Dole was a former member of the Kingdom legislature from Koloa, Kauai, and Justice of the Kingdom's Supreme Court, and he appointed Thurston-who had served as Minister of Interior under King Kalakaua-to lead a lobbying effort in Washington, DC to secure Hawaii's annexation by the United States. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/america-the-second-century-us-2nd-100-years-history-621006.html

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Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1927: Aviation: The History Of Aviation: The History Of Civil Aviation: Maiden Flights: -- The Lockheed Vega, an American five-to-seven-seat high-wing monoplane airliner built by the Lockheed Corporation starting in 1927 which became famous for its use by a number of record-breaking pilots who were attracted to its high speed and long range, takes its maiden flight when the first Vega 1, named the Golden Eagle, flies from Lockheed's Los Angeles plant. It could cruise at a then-fast 120 mph (190 km/h), and had a top speed of 135 mph (217 km/h). A number of private owners placed orders for the design, and by the end of 1928, 68 had been produced. In the 1929 National Air Races in Cleveland, Ohio, Vegas won every speed award. Amelia Earhart became the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean in one, and Wiley Post used his to prove the existence of the jet stream after flying around the world twice. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/frontiers-of-flight-aviation-history-tv-series-dvd-mp4-download-us4.html

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Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1939: Sports: The History Of Sports: The History Of Sports In The United States: The History Of Baseball: The History Of Baseball In The United States: The History Of Major League Baseball: "The Luckiest Man On The Face Of The Earth" Speech (Lou Gehrig's Farewell Speech): -- Lou Gehrig, first baseman who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball for the New York Yankees, recently diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS; also known as motor neurone disease (MND) or Lou Gehrig's Disease), delivers what has been called "Baseball's Gettysburg Address" to a sold-out crowd at Yankee Stadium. Having always avoided public attention, Gehrig did not want to speak, but the crowd chanted for him and he had memorized some sentences beforehand: "Fans, for the past two weeks, you've been reading about a bad break. [pause] Today, I consider myself the luckiest man on the face of the earth. I have been in ballparks for 17 years and have never received anything but kindness and encouragement from you fans. When you look around, wouldn't you consider it a privilege to associate yourself with such fine-looking men as are standing in uniform in this ballpark today? Sure, I'm lucky. Who wouldn't consider it an honor to have known Jacob Ruppert? Also, the builder of baseball's greatest empire, Ed Barrow? To have spent six years with that wonderful little fellow, Miller Huggins? Then to have spent the next nine years with that outstanding leader, that smart student of psychology, the best manager in baseball today, Joe McCarthy? Sure, I'm lucky. When the New York Giants, a team you would give your right arm to beat, and vice versa, sends you a gift - that's something. When everybody down to the groundskeepers and those boys in white coats remember you with trophies - that's something. When you have a wonderful mother-in-law who takes sides with you in squabbles with her own daughter - that's something. When you have a father and a mother who work all their lives so you can have an education and build your body - it's a blessing. When you have a wife who has been a tower of strength and shown more courage than you dreamed existed - that's the finest I know. So I close in saying that I might have been given a bad break, but I've got an awful lot to live for. - Thank you." The crowd stood and applauded for almost two minutes. Gehrig was visibly shaken as he stepped back from the microphone, and wiped the tears away from his face with his handkerchief. His sometimes-estranged former teammate Babe Ruth hugged him as a band played "I Love You Truly" and the crowd chanted, "We love you, Lou!" The New York Times account the following day called the moment "one of the most touching scenes ever witnessed on a ball field" that made even hard-boiled reporters "swallow hard." Gehrig had played his last game for the Yankees on April 30, 1939, some two months prior; on July 11, 7 days later, he appeared at the All-Star Game at Yankee Stadium as the American League team captain, officially on the roster as a reserve player, exchanging lineup cards prior to the game. He then officially retired from baseball. At 10:10 p.m. on June 2, 1941, 17 days before his 38th birthday, Heinrich Ludwig Gehrig (b. June 19, 1903 at 1994 Second Avenue (according to his birth certificate) in the Yorkville neighborhood of Manhattan) died at his home at 5204 Delafield Avenue in the Riverdale neighborhood of the Bronx, New York, aged 37. Upon hearing the news, Babe Ruth and his wife Claire went to the Gehrig house to console Eleanor. Mayor La Guardia ordered flags in New York to be flown at half-staff, and major-league ballparks around the nation did likewise. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/jack-benny-presents-golden-memories-of-radio-6-album-set-mp3-63.html

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Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1187: Religion: The History Of Religion: Abrahamic Religions: Christianity: The History Of Roman Catholicism: The Latin Church (Latin: Ecclesia Latina): The Middle Ages (The Medieval Period, The Mediaeval Period): The Crusades: The Second Crusade (1147-1149): The Battle Of Hattin (The Battle Of The Horns Of Hattin): -- The Crusaders cease to be the pre-eminent military power in the Holy Land as Saladin defeats Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem, and the Muslims recapture Jerusalem and go on to conquer and occupy most of the other Crusader-held cities and castles. Fought between the Crusader states of the Levant and the forces of the Ayyubid Sultanate of Egypt led by Sultan Saladin, the Muslim armies under Saladin captured or killed the vast majority of the Crusader forces, removing their capability to wage war. These Christian defeats prompted the Third Crusade, which began two years later. The Battle Of Hattin is also known as Battle Of The Horns Of Hattin due to the shape of the nearby extinct volcano of that name. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/timeline-tv-series-on-the-middle-ages-in-tv-newscast-format-2-dvd-se2.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Battle Of Kursk The Mother Of All Battles + Bonus MP4 Download DVD
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1943: The European Civil War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater Of World War II): The Eastern Front Of World War II: The Great Patriotic War (The German-Soviet War): The Battle Of Kursk (Russian: Kurskaya Bitva): -- Preliminary fighting begins in the Battle Of Kursk, the largest full-scale battle in history and the world's largest tank battle. Fighting started that evening in the village of Prokhorovka on the southern face of the salient, when German infantry launched attacks to seize high ground for artillery observation posts prior to the main battle that began on 5 July. During these attacks, a number of Red Army command and observation posts along the first main belt of defence were captured. By 16:00 on 4 July, elements of the Panzergrenadier Division "Grossdeutschland", 3rd and 11th Panzer Divisions had seized the village of Butovo and proceeded to capture Gertsovka before midnight. At around 22:30, Russian General Vatutin ordered 600 guns, mortars and Katyusha rocket launchers, of the Voronezh Front, to bombard the forward German positions, particularly those of the II SS Panzer Corps. The Battle Of Kursk was a Second World War engagement between German and Soviet forces on the Eastern Front near Kursk (450 kilometres or 280 miles south-west of Moscow) in the Soviet Union, during July and August 1943. After preliminary engagements of 4 July in and around Prokhorovka village, the main Battle Of Kursk began with the launch of the German offensive, Operation Citadel (German: Unternehmen Zitadelle), on 5 July, which had the objective of pinching off the Kursk salient with attacks on the base of the salient from north and south simultaneously. After the German offensive stalled on the northern side of the salient, on 12 July the Soviets commenced their Kursk Strategic Offensive Operation with the launch of Operation Kutuzov against the rear of the German forces in the northern side. On the southern side, the Soviets also launched powerful counterattacks the same day, one of which led to a large armoured clash, the Battle of Prokhorovka. On 3 August, the Soviets began the second phase of the Kursk Strategic Offensive Operation with the launch of Operation Polkovodets Rumyantsev against the German forces in the southern side of the Kursk salient. The battle was the final strategic offensive that the Germans were able to launch on the Eastern Front. Because the Allied invasion of Sicily had begun, Adolf Hitler was forced to have troops training in France diverted to meet the Allied threat in the Mediterranean, rather than use them as a strategic reserve for the Eastern Front. Hitler canceled the offensive at Kursk after only a week, in part to divert forces to Italy, resulting in a reduction of German strength on the Eastern Front. Germany's extensive losses of men and tanks ensured that the victorious Soviet Red Army enjoyed the strategic initiative for the remainder of the war. The Germans hoped to weaken the Soviet offensive potential for the summer of 1943 by cutting off the forces that they anticipated would be in the Kursk salient. The Kursk salient or bulge was 250 kilometres (160 mi) long from north to south and 160 kilometres (99 mi) from east to west. The plan envisioned an envelopment by a pair of pincers breaking through the northern and southern flanks of the salient. Hitler believed that a victory here would reassert German strength and improve his prestige with his allies, who were considering withdrawing from the war. It was also hoped that large numbers of Soviet prisoners would be captured to be used as slave labour in the German armaments industry. The Soviet government had foreknowledge of the German intentions, provided in part by the British intelligence service's overall intelligence gatherings and their cryptanalysis of intercepted Lorenz cipher German Army communications, known as Tunny Intercepts, co-called because British cryptanalysts, who referred to encrypted German teleprinter traffic as Fish, dubbed the machine and its traffic Tunny (meaning tunafish). Aware months in advance that the attack would fall on the neck of the Kursk salient, the Soviets built a defence in depth designed to wear down the German armoured spearhead. The Germans delayed the offensive while they tried to build up their forces and waited for new weapons, mainly the new Panther tank but also larger numbers of the Tiger heavy tank. This gave the Red Army time to construct a series of deep defensive belts. The defensive preparations included minefields, fortifications, artillery fire zones and anti-tank strong points, which extended approximately 300 km (190 mi) in depth. Soviet mobile formations were moved out of the salient and a large reserve force was formed for strategic counter-offensives. The Battle Of Kursk was the first time in the Second World War that a German strategic offensive was halted before it could break through enemy defences and penetrate to its strategic depths. The maximum depth of the German advance was 8-12 kilometres (5.0-7.5 mi) in the north and 35 kilometres (22 mi) in the south. Though the Red Army had succeeded in winter offensives previously, their counter-offensives following the German attack at Kursk were their first successful strategic summer offensives of the war. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-battle-of-kursk-the-mother-of-all-battles-wwii-dvd-mp4-usb-driv4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Life And Times Of Lord Mountbatten TV Series DVD, Download, USB
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1947: India: The History Of India: The British Raj (Crown Rule In India, Direct Rule In India, India, The Indian Empire): The Indian Independence Movement: The Pakistan Movement: The Partition Of India: The Indian Independence Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo. 6. c. 30) (The Indian Independence Bill): -- The Indian Independence Bill, ultimately to be known as The Indian Independence Act 1947, is presented before the British House Of Commons, proposing the independence of the Provinces of British India into two sovereign countries: India and Pakistan. Eleven days later, on July 15, 1947 the House of Commons voted for the bill, and the House of Lords gave its consent on the next day. The act received Royal Assent on 18 July 1947 and thus modern-day India and Pakistan, comprising west (modern day Pakistan) and east (modern day Bangladesh) regions, came into being on August 15. Lord Mountbatten's experience in the region and in particular his perceived Labour sympathies at that time led to Clement Attlee appointing him Viceroy of India on 20 February 1947, charged with overseeing the transition of British India to independence no later than June 30, 1948. Mountbatten's instructions emphasised a united India as a result of the transference of power but authorized him to adapt to a changing situation in order to get Britain out promptly with minimal reputational damage. Soon after he arrived, Mountbatten concluded that the situation was too volatile for even that short a wait. Although his advisers favoured a gradual transfer of independence, Mountbatten decided the only way forward was a quick and orderly transfer of independence before 1947 was out. In his view, any longer would mean civil war. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/life-and-times-of-lord-mountbatten-3-dvds-tv-series-all-12-pa312.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Statue Of Liberty Films Collection DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 2009: The War On Terror (The Global War On Terrorism [GWOT]): The September 11 Attacks (9/11): National Personifications: National Personifications Of The United States: National Monuments: National Monuments Of The United States: The Statue Of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening The World) (French: La Liberte Eclairant Le Monde): -- The Statue Of Liberty's crown reopens to the public after eight years of closure due to security concerns following the September 11 attacks. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/statue-of-liberty-dvd-historical-films.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Walt Whitman Documentary Biography DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1855: First Publications: -- The first edition of Walt Whitman's book of poems, Leaves of Grass, is published in Brooklyn. Leaves of Grass is a poetry collection by the American poet Walt Whitman (1819-1892). Although the first edition was published in 1855, Whitman spent most of his professional life writing and re-writing Leaves of Grass, revising it multiple times until his death. This resulted in vastly different editions over four decades-the first, a small book of twelve poems and the last, a compilation of over 400. The poems of Leaves of Grass are loosely connected, with each representing Whitman's celebration of his philosophy of life and humanity. This book is notable for its discussion of delight in sensual pleasures during a time when such candid displays were considered immoral. Where much previous poetry, especially English, relied on symbolism, allegory, and meditation on the religious and spiritual, Leaves of Grass (particularly the first edition) exalted the body and the material world. Influenced by Ralph Waldo Emerson and the Transcendentalist movement, itself an offshoot of Romanticism, Whitman's poetry praises nature and the individual human's role in it. However, much like Emerson, Whitman does not diminish the role of the mind or the spirit; rather, he elevates the human form and the human mind, deeming both worthy of poetic praise. With one exception, the poems do not rhyme or follow standard rules for meter and line length. Among the poems in the collection are "Song of Myself", "I Sing the Body Electric", and "Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking". Later editions included Whitman's elegy to the assassinated President Abraham Lincoln, "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd". Leaves of Grass was highly controversial during its time for its explicit sexual imagery, and Whitman was subject to derision by many contemporary critics. Over time, however, the collection has infiltrated popular culture and been recognized as one of the central works of American poetry. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/walt-whitman-dvd-biography-poetry-documentary.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: NBC University Theater Of The Air Literature Radio Series MP3 DVD USB
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1804: #BOTD: #HBD! Nathaniel Hawthorne, American novelist, dark romantic, and short story writer whose works often focus on history, morality, and religion (d. May 19, 1864) is #born Nathaniel Hawthorne in Salem, Massachusetts, to Nathaniel Hathorne and the former Elizabeth Clarke Manning. His ancestors include John Hathorne, the only judge involved in the Salem witch trials who never repented of his actions. He entered Bowdoin College in 1821, was elected to Phi Beta Kappa in 1824, and graduated in 1825. He published his first work in 1828, the novel Fanshawe; he later tried to suppress it, feeling that it was not equal to the standard of his later work. He published several short stories in periodicals, which he collected in 1837 as Twice-Told Tales. The next year, he became engaged to Sophia Peabody. He worked at the Boston Custom House and joined Brook Farm, a transcendentalist community, before marrying Peabody in 1842. The couple moved to The Old Manse in Concord, Massachusetts, later moving to Salem, the Berkshires, then to The Wayside in Concord. The Scarlet Letter was published in 1850, followed by a succession of other novels. A political appointment as consul took Hawthorne and family to Europe before their return to Concord in 1860. Much of Hawthorne's writing centers on New England, many works featuring moral metaphors with an anti-Puritan inspiration. His fiction works are considered part of the Romantic movement and, more specifically, dark romanticism. His themes often center on the inherent evil and sin of humanity, and his works often have moral messages and deep psychological complexity. His published works include novels, short stories, and a biography of his college friend Franklin Pierce, the 14th President of the United States. Nathaniel Hawthorne died in his sleep in Plymouth, New Hampshire aged 59. Former American President Franklin Pierce sent a telegram to Elizabeth Peabody asking her to inform her sister, Mrs. Sophia Hawthorne in person. Mrs. Hawthorne was too saddened by the news to handle the funeral arrangements herself. Hawthorne's son Julian, a freshman at Harvard College, learned of his father's death the next day; coincidentally, he was initiated into the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity on the same day by being blindfolded and placed in a coffin. Longfellow wrote a tribute poem to Hawthorne published in 1866 called "The Bells of Lynn". Hawthorne was buried on what is now known as "Authors' Ridge" in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery, Concord, Massachusetts. Pallbearers included Longfellow, Emerson, Alcott, Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr., James T. Fields, and Edwin Percy Whipple. Emerson wrote of the funeral: "I thought there was a tragic element in the event, that might be more fully rendered -- in the painful solitude of the man, which, I suppose, could no longer be endured, & he died of it." His wife Sophia and daughter Una were originally buried in England. However, in June 2006, they were reinterred in plots adjacent to Hawthorne. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/nbc-university-theater-of-the-air-otr-mp3-dv3.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Neil Simon: Not Just For Laughs DVD, MP4 Video Download, Flash Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1927: #BOTD: #HBD! Neil Simon, American playwright, screenwriter and author (d. August 26, 2018) is #born Marvin Neil Simon in The Bronx, New York City, to Jewish parents. His father, Irving Simon, was a garment salesman, and his mother, Mamie (Levy) Simon, was mostly a homemaker. Neil had one brother, eight years his senior, television writer and comedy teacher Danny Simon, with whom he had a close and loving relationship. Neil Simon wrote more than 30 plays and nearly the same number of movie screenplays, mostly adaptations of his plays. He received more combined Oscar and Tony nominations than any other writer. Simon grew up in New York City during the Great Depression, with his parents' financial hardships affecting their marriage, giving him a mostly unhappy and unstable childhood. He often took refuge in movie theaters where he enjoyed watching the early comedians like Charlie Chaplin. After graduating from high school and a few years in the Army Air Force Reserve, he began writing comedy scripts for radio and some popular early television shows. Among them were Sid Caesar's Your Show of Shows from 1950 (where he worked alongside other young writers including Carl Reiner, Mel Brooks and Selma Diamond), and The Phil Silvers Show, which ran from 1955 to 1959. He began writing his own plays beginning with Come Blow Your Horn (1961), which took him three years to complete and ran for 678 performances on Broadway. It was followed by two more successful plays, Barefoot in the Park (1963) and The Odd Couple (1965), for which he won a Tony Award. It made him a national celebrity and "the hottest new playwright on Broadway." During the 1960s to 1980s, he wrote both original screenplays and stage plays, with some films actually based on his plays. His style ranged from romantic comedy to farce to more serious dramatic comedy. Overall, he garnered 17 Tony nominations and won three. During one season, he had four successful plays running on Broadway at the same time, and in 1983 became the only living playwright to have a New York theatre, the Neil Simon Theatre, named in his honor. Neil Simon died of pneumonia at New York-Presbyterian Hospital in Manhattan while hospitalized for kidney failure. He was 91 years old when he died, and was also suffering from Alzheimer's disease. He is buried at Pound Ridge Cemetery in Pound Ridge, New York. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/neil-simon-not-just-for-laughs-his-life-and-plays-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Roots Of Resistance: The Underground Railroad DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1827: Slavery: Slavery In The United States: Slavery In New York State: -- Slavery is abolished in New York State when its last slave was freed. New York State had passed a law for the gradual abolition of slavery soon after the Revolutionary War, but that "gradual" process took some forty years. Both the Dutch and the British imported African slaves as laborers to the city and colony; New York, with its high population, had the second-highest population of slaves after Charleston, South Carolina. Prior to the state's final emancipation, slavery was extensive in New York City and some agricultural areas. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/roots-of-resistance-a-story-of-the-underground-railroad-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Black Civil Rights Films: African-American History DVD, MP4, USB Stick
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1881: Grand Openings: Higher Education: Higher Education In The United States: Historically Black Colleges And Universities (HBCUs): Tuskegee University (Tuskegee, TU, formerly The Tuskegee Institute): -- The Tuskegee Institute, a private, historically black university (HBCU) located in Tuskegee, Alabama established by Booker T. Washington, opens. The campus is designated as the Tuskegee Institute National Historic Site by the National Park Service and is the only one in the U.S. to have this designation. The university was home to scientist George Washington Carver and to World War II's Tuskegee Airmen. From 1932 to 1972, Tuskegee Institute collaborated with the United States government in the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment by which the effects of deliberately untreated syphilis were studied. These Tuskegee syphilis experiments have become infamous for misleading study participants by telling them that they were being treated for syphilis when in fact researchers were only monitoring the progression of the disease. Researchers even actively deterred study participants from obtaining penicillin, which was emerging as the definitive treatment for syphilis. This experiment was conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with the Tuskegee Institute. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/black-civil-rights-films-africanamerican-history-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: JFK A Time Remembered Documentary DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1963: Awards And Decorations: Civil Awards And Decorations: Civil Awards And Decorations Of The United States: The Presidential Medal Of Freedom: -- President John F. Kennedy establishes The Presidential Medal Of Freedom through Executive Order 11085, and awards the first medals to Marian Anderson, African American opera star, and Ralph Bunche, African American diplomat and Nobel Peace Prize recipient. The Presidential Medal Of Freedom was the first U.S. civilian neck decoration and, if awarded with Distinction, is the only U.S. sash and star decoration (the Chief Commander degree of the Legion of Merit - which may only be awarded to foreign heads of state - is a star decoration but without a sash). The executive order calls for the medal to be awarded annually on or around July 4, and at other convenient times as chosen by the president, but it has not been awarded every year (e.g., 2001, 2010). Recipients are selected by the president, either on the president's own initiative or based on recommendations. The order establishing the medal also expanded the size and the responsibilities of the Distinguished Civilian Service Awards Board so it could serve as a major source of such recommendations. The medal may be awarded to an individual more than once; Colin Powell received two awards, his second being with Distinction; Ellsworth Bunker received both of his awards with Distinction. It may also be awarded posthumously; examples include John F. Kennedy, Pope John XXIII, Lyndon Johnson, John Wayne, Paul "Bear" Bryant, Thurgood Marshall, Cesar Chavez, Walter Reuther, Roberto Clemente, Jack Kemp, Harvey Milk, James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, Michael Schwerner, Elouise Cobell, Grace Hopper, Antonin Scalia, Elvis Presley and Babe Ruth. (Chaney, Goodman and Schwerner, civil rights workers murdered in 1964, were awarded their medals in 2014, 50 years later.) On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/jfk-a-time-remembered-dvd-documentary.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Making Of The President 1964 LBJ & Goldwater Campaigns MP4 Or DVD
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1964: Anti-Black Racism: Anti-Black Racism In The United States: Segregation: Racial Segregation: The Civil Rights Act of 1964: Tne Fraud, Sham, And Hoax Speech Of George Wallace: -- Alabama Governor George C. Wallace gives a speech at a states rights rally in Atlanta in which he denounces President Lyndon B. Johnson for signing the 1964 Civil Rights Act just two days prior, which act he calls "a fraud, a sham and a hoax". Now known as The Fraud, Sham, And Hoax Speech, it is cited in academia as a prime example of segregationist thought of that era, as well as of rhetoric crafted to appeal almost solely to emotion rather than logic, reason, or fact. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-making-of-the-president-1964-dvd-johnson-goldwater-campa1964.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: 1968: A CBS News Special Report Harry Reasoner DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1966: The United States: The History Of The United States: Freedom Of Information: Freedom Of Information In The United States: Freedom Of Information Legislations: Freedom Of Information Legislation In The United States: The Freedom Of Information Act (FOIA): -- U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Freedom Of Information Act into United States law, and went into effect the following year. The Freedom Of Information Act (FOIA) is a federal freedom of information law that requires the full or partial disclosure of previously unreleased information and documents controlled by the United States government upon request. The act defines agency records subject to disclosure, outlines mandatory disclosure procedures, and defines nine exemptions to the statute. The act was intended to make U.S. government agencies' functions more transparent so that the American public could more easily identify problems in government functioning and put pressure on Congress, agency officials, and the president to address them. The FOIA has been changed repeatedly by both the legislative and executive branches. Apart from the U.S. federal government's Freedom Of Information Act, the U.S. states have their own varying freedom of information laws. While the public may be aware of news organizations' use of FOIA for reporting purposes, it makes up less than 10% of all requests with businesses, law firms, and individuals all being more frequent users. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/1968-dvd-cbs-news-special-report-10-years-later-harry-re196810.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The World: A Television History Documentary Series DVD, Download, USB
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1807: #BOTD: #HBD! Giuseppe Garibaldi, Italian general, politician, nationalist and Freemason who played a large role in the history of Italy, considered, with Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, Victor Emmanuel II of Italy and Giuseppe Mazzini as one of Italy's "Fathers Of The Fatherland" (d. June 2, 1882) is #born Giuseppe Maria Garibaldi in Nice, which had been conquered by the French First Republic in 1792, to the Ligurian family of Domenico Garibaldi from Chiavari and Maria Rosa Nicoletta Raimondi from Loano. In 1814, the Congress of Vienna returned Nice to Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia; nevertheless, France re-annexed it in 1860 by the Treaty of Turin, which was ardently opposed by Garibaldi. Garibaldi's family's involvement in coastal trade drew him to a life at sea. He participated actively in the Nizzardo Italians community and was certified in 1832 as a merchant navy captain. Garibaldi personally commanded and fought in many military campaigns that led eventually to the Italian unification. He was appointed general by the provisional government of Milan in 1848, General of the Roman Republic in 1849 by the Minister of War, and led the Expedition of the Thousand on behalf and with the consent of Victor Emmanuel II. He has been called the "Hero of Two Worlds" because of his military enterprises in Brazil, Uruguay and Europe. These earned him a considerable reputation in Italy and abroad, aided by exceptional international media coverage at the time. Many of the greatest intellectuals of his time, such as Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, and George Sand, showered him with admiration. The United Kingdom and the United States helped him a great deal, offering him financial and military support in difficult circumstances. Giuseppe Garibaldi died in Caprera, an island in the Maddalena archipelago off the coast of Sardinia, dying on a death bed he had been confined to in his final years and had moved to where he could view the sea as he died, aged 75. His wishes for a simple funeral and cremation were not respected. He was buried in his farm on the island of Caprera alongside his last wife and some of his children. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-world-a-television-history-4-dual-layer-dvds-all-26-sh426.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Soup To Nuts (1930) The Three Stooges Rube Goldberg DVD, Download, USB
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1883: #BOTD: #HBD! Rube Goldberg, American cartoonist, sculptor, author, engineer and inventor (d. December 7, 1970) is #born Reuben Garrett Lucius Goldberg in San Francisco, California, to Jewish parents Max and Hannah (nee Cohn) Goldberg. Goldberg is best known for his popular cartoons depicting complicated gadgets performing simple tasks in indirect, convoluted ways. The cartoons led to the expression "Rube Goldberg machines" to describe similar gadgets and processes. Goldberg received many honors in his lifetime, including a Pulitzer Prize for political cartooning in 1948 and the Banshees' Silver Lady Award in 1959. He was a founding member and first president of the National Cartoonists Society and the namesake of the Reuben Award, which the organization awards to its Cartoonist of the Year. He is the inspiration for international competitions known as Rube Goldberg Machine Contests which challenge participants to create a complicated machine to perform a simple task. Rube Goldberg died of cancer at his 169 East 69th Street home in New York City at the age of 87. He is buried in Mount Pleasant Cemetery in Hawthorne, New York. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/soup-to-nuts-dvd-three-stooges-rube-goldberg.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Machine That Changed The World: The Computer DVD MP4 Download
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1951: Great Inventions: The History Of Electronics: The History Of Electronic Components: The History Of Semiconductors: The History Of Semiconductor Devices: Great Inventions: The Transistor: -- The Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) (The Junction Transistor): -- William Shockley announces the invention of the junction transistor, a type of transistor that uses both electrons and electron holes as charge carriers. In contrast, a unipolar transistor, such as a field-effect transistor, uses only one kind of charge carrier. A bipolar transistor allows a small current injected at one of its terminals to control a much larger current flowing between the terminals, making the device capable of amplification or switching. BJTs use two junctions between two semiconductor types, n-type and p-type, which are regions in a single crystal of material. The junctions can be made in several different ways, such as changing the doping of the semiconductor material as it is grown, by depositing metal pellets to form alloy junctions, or by such methods as diffusion of n-type and p-type doping substances into the crystal. The superior predictability and performance of junction transistors quickly displaced the original point-contact transistor. Diffused transistors, along with other components, are elements of integrated circuits for analog and digital functions. Hundreds of bipolar junction transistors can be made in one circuit at very low cost. Bipolar transistor integrated circuits were the main active devices of a generation of mainframe and mini computers, but most computer systems now use integrated circuits relying on field-effect transistors. Bipolar transistors are still used for amplification of signals, switching, and in digital circuits. Specialized types are used for high voltage switches, for radio-frequency amplifiers, or for switching high currents. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-machine-that-changed-the-world-the-computer-dvd-mp4-downloa4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Frank Sinatra: The Voice Of Our Time DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1911: #BOTD: #HBD! Mitch Miller, American singer, oboist, conductor, record producer and record industry executive (d. July 31,2010) #born Mitchell William Miller to a Jewish family in Rochester, New York. He was involved in almost all aspects of the music industry, particularly as a conductor and artist and repertoire (A & R) man. Miller was one of the most influential people in American popular music during the 1950s and early 1960s, both as the head of A & R at Columbia Records and as a best-selling recording artist with an NBC television series, Sing Along with Mitch. A graduate of the Eastman School of Music of the University of Rochester in the early 1930s, Miller began his musical career as a player of the oboe and English horn, making numerous highly regarded classical and popular recordings. He was a choral conductor on television and a recordings executive. Music historian Will Friedwald wrote in his book Jazz Singing (Da Capo Press, 1996) that "Miller exemplified the worst in American pop. He first aroused the ire of intelligent listeners by trying to turn - and darn near succeeding in turning - great artists like Sinatra, Clooney, and Tony Bennett into hacks. Miller chose the worst songs and put together the worst backings imaginable - not with the hit-or-miss attitude that bad musicians traditionally used, but with insight, forethought, careful planning, and perverted brilliance." On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/frank-sinatra-the-voice-of-our-time-dvd-documentary.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Golden Age Of Rock 'N' Roll DVD, MP4 Video Download, Flash Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

( #JCKaelin here: I saw Canned Heat perform live at the legendary Fillmore East theater in 1968 at the tender age of 7. It was so loud that I was screaming at the top of my lungs and still couldn't hear myself. The Bear spent much of the performance trying to fix bassist Larry Taylor's amp which kept breaking down. The Bear, aptly named because he was enormous, was wearing a pair of lemon yellow colored Dr. Denton pajamas. What a weird, wonderful, unforgettable experience! : ) ) ========= July 4, 1943: #BOTD: #HBD! Alan Wilson, nicknamed "Blind Owl", American singer, songwriter, harmonica player and guitarist, co-founder, leader, and primary composer for the American blues band Canned Heat (d. September 3, 1970) is #born Alan Christie Wilson in Arlington, Massachusetts. He played harmonica, guitar, and sang with the group live and on recordings. Wilson was lead singer on Canned Heat's two biggest U.S. hit singles, : "On the Road Again" and "Going Up the Country". His death at age 27 prefigured that of some of the other rock artists of the 1960s and later known as the 27 Club is an informal list consisting mostly of popular musicians, artists, actors, and other celebrities who died at age 27. Alan Wilson died in his sleeping bag on the hillside behind Hite's Topanga Canyon home where he often slept, aged 27 years. An autopsy identified his manner and cause of death as accidental acute barbiturate intoxication; although his death has been sometimes reported as a suicide, he left no suicide note, and there were four pills left in his pants found next to his body. Wilson's death came fourteen months after the death of Brian Jones, just two weeks before the death of Jimi Hendrix, four weeks before the death of Janis Joplin, and ten months before the death of Jim Morrison, four artists who also died at the same age. Wilson was cremated, and on September 13, 1970 a memorial service was held at Menotomy Rocks Park in his hometown of Arlington. The service was led by Reverend Wilbur Canaday who said, "We are using the sky as a roof, and the ground as a floor, because he himself used nature's great wonders as his home." Wilson's remains were cremated, and his ashes were later scattered in Sequoia National Park amongst the redwoods he deeply loved. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-golden-age-of-rock-39n39-roll-dvd-complete-tv-series-5-39395.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: WABC Radio Airchecks MP3 Collection 1960s-1980s DVD, MP3 Download, USB
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1938: #BOTD: #HBD! Bill Withers, African American singer, songwriter, guitarist, keyboardist and producer (d. March 30, 2020) is #born William Harrison Withers Jr. in the small coal mining town of Slab Fork, West Virginia, the youngest of six children. Withers recorded several major hits, including "Ain't No Sunshine" (1971), "Grandma's Hands" (1971), "Use Me" (1972), "Lean on Me" (1972), "Lovely Day" (1977), and "Just the Two of Us" (1980). Withers won three Grammy Awards and was nominated for six more. His life was the subject of the 2009 documentary film Still Bill. He was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2005 and Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2015. Two of his songs were inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. Withers worked as a professional musician for just 15 years, from 1970 to 1985, after which he moved on to other occupations. His disdain for Columbia's A & R (Artists & Repetoire) executives or "blaxperts", as he termed them, trying to exert control over how he should sound if he wanted to sell more albums, played a part in his decision to not record or re-sign to a record label after 1985, effectively ending his performing career, even though remixes of his previously recorded music were released well after his 'retirement'. Finding musical success later in life than most, at 32, he said he was socialized as a 'regular guy' who had a life before the music, so he did not feel an inherent need to keep recording once he fell out of love with the industry. After he left the music industry he said that he did not miss touring and performing live and did not regret leaving music behind. Bill Withers died from heart complications in a Los Angeles hospital on March 30, 2020, at age 81; his family announced his death four days later. The family statement read "We are devastated by the loss of our beloved, devoted husband and father. A solitary man with a heart driven to connect to the world at large, with his poetry and music, he spoke honestly to people and connected them to each other. As private a life as he lived close to intimate family and friends, his music forever belongs to the world. In this difficult time, we pray his music offers comfort and entertainment as fans hold tight to loved ones. He is interred in the Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles, California. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/wabc-musicradio-shows-mp3-dvd-60s80s-am-360807775.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Lucky Luciano Documentary Biography MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1902: #BOTD: Meyer Lansky, American gangster known as the "Mob's Accountant", major organized crime figure who, along with his associate Charles "Lucky" Luciano, was instrumental in the development of the National Crime Syndicate in the United States (d. January 15, 1983) is #born Maier Suchowljansky in Grodno, Russian Empire (now Belarus), to a Polish-Jewish family who experienced antisemitism and pogroms from Imperial authorities. When asked about his native country, Lansky always responded "Poland". In 1911, Lansky emigrated at age nine to the United States through the port of Odessa (now in Ukraine) with his mother and brother Jacob, and joined his father, who had immigrated in 1909, and settled on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York. Lansky met Benjamin "Bugsy" Siegel when they were children. They became lifelong friends, as well as partners in the bootlegging trade, and together managed the Bugs and Meyer Mob, with its reputation as one of the most violent Prohibition gangs. Lansky was also close friends with Charles "Lucky" Luciano; the two met as teenagers when Luciano attempted to extort Lansky for protection money on his walk home from school. Luciano respected the younger boy's defiant responses to his threats, and the two formed a lasting partnership thereafter. The two of them would go on to associate with veteran gangster Arnold Rothstein, up until his murder in 1928. A member of the Jewish mob, Lansky developed a gambling empire that stretched across the world. He was said to own points (percentages) in casinos in Las Vegas, Cuba, The Bahamas and London. Although a member of the Jewish Mob, Lansky undoubtedly had strong influence with the Italian-American Mafia and played a large role in the consolidation of the criminal underworld. The full extent of this role has been the subject of some debate, as Lansky himself denied many of the accusations against him. In the 1930s, Lansky and his gang stepped outside their usual criminal activities to break up rallies held by the pro-Nazi German-American Bund. He recalled a particular rally in Yorkville, a German neighborhood in Manhattan, that he and fourteen other associates disrupted: "The stage was decorated with a swastika and a picture of Adolf Hitler. The speakers started ranting. There were only fifteen of us, but we went into action. We threw some of them out the windows. Most of the Nazis panicked and ran out. We chased them and beat them up. We wanted to show them that Jews would not always sit back and accept insults". During World War II, Lansky was also instrumental in helping the Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI)'s Operation Underworld, in which the government recruited criminals to watch out for German infiltrators and submarine-borne saboteurs. Lansky helped arrange a deal with the government via a high-ranking United States Navy official. This deal secured the release of Luciano from prison; in exchange, the Mafia would provide security for the warships that were being built along the docks in New York Harbor. German submarines were sinking Allied ships in great numbers along the eastern seaboard and the Caribbean coast, and there was great fear of attack or sabotage by Nazi sympathizers. Lansky connected the ONI with Luciano, who reportedly instructed Joseph Lanza to prevent sabotage on the New York waterfront. Lansky is credited with having "controlled" compromising pictures of a sexual nature featuring former FBI director, J. Edgar Hoover with his longtime aide, Clyde Tolson. In his book, Official and Confidential: The Secret Life of J. Edgar Hoover, biographer Anthony Summers cites multiple primary sources regarding Lansky's use of blackmail to gain influence with politicians, policemen and judges. One such stage for the acquisition of blackmail materials were orgies held by late attorney and Lansky protege, Roy Cohn, and liquor magnate, Lewis Rosenstiel, who had lasting ties with the Mafia from his bootleg operations during Prohibition. The release of FBI files on Lansky revealed extensive monitoring and investigation, which makes it harder to explain why Lansky was not pursued to conviction, unless he successfully evaded it by blackmail. Cohn copied this model of blackmail to control politicians and evade conviction himself. Despite nearly 50 years as a member/participant in organized crime, Lansky was never found guilty of anything more serious than illegal gambling. He has a legacy of being one of the most financially successful gangsters in American history. Meyer Lansky died of lung cancer aged 80 in Miami where he spent his last years quietly in retirement at his home in Miami Beach, Florida, leaving a widow and three children. He is buried at Mount Nebo Miami Memorial Gardens in West Miami, Florida in the northwest corner of the cemetery, right next to the road. On paper, Lansky was worth almost nothing. Before he fled Cuba in the aftermath of the Cuban Revolution, Lansky was said to be worth an estimated 20M USD (equivalent to 166M USD in 2021); when he died in 1983, his family learned that his estate was only worth around 57K USD (equivalent to 167,477 USD in 2022) -- despite this, the FBI believed he left behind over 300M USD (744M USD in 2022) in hidden bank accounts, but they never found any money. This would be equivalent to 744M USD in 2022. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/lucky-luciano-documentary-biography-mp4-video-download-dv4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Barnum's Big Top: P. T. Barnum's Circuses + 2 Bonuses MP4 Download DVD
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1847: #BOTD: #HBD! James Anthony Bailey, American circus ringmaster, co-founded Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus (d. April 11, 1906) is #born James Anthony McGinnis to Edward and Hannora McGinnis in Detroit, Michigan. Edward McGinnis died in October, 1849 of cholera and in 1855, James was orphaned when his mother died. James then went to live with his older sister, Catherine Gordon. Life with Catherine was difficult as she tended to be overbearing and harsh. Sometime between 1859 and 1860, James ran away from Catherine's home and found a job and a place to stay on a farm about 10 miles outside the city of Pontiac, Michigan. Finding life on the farm unrewarding, 13-year old James wandered into Pontiac where he found work at the Hodges House Hotel. After working at the hotel for a time, he was discovered by Colonel Frederic Harrison Bailey, a nephew of circus pioneer Hachaliah Bailey, and an advance man for John Robinson and Bill Lake's traveling circus. F.H. Bailey gave McGinnis a job as his assistant, and the two traveled together for many years. McGinnis eventually adopted F.H. Bailey's surname to become James A. Bailey. In his diary, James' brother-in-law Joe McCaddon writes that Bailey recounted stories of how he left the circus world at age 16 and went to work as clerk to a sutler during the Civil War (a sutler or victualer is a civilian merchant who sells provisions to an army in the field, in camp, or in quarters). In 1866, with the war over, he went back to work for Bill Lake, who now owned his own circus with his wife Agnes Thatcher Lake. During this time, James met Ruth Louisa McCaddon of Zanesville, Ohio. James and Ruth became friends, fell in love, and were married in December 1868. The very next year in Granby, Missouri, Bill Lake was shot and killed. With her husband dead, Agnes Lake became the first woman in the United States to own a circus (Agnes Lake would later marry famous gunfighter Wild Bill Hickok, who worked for a short time with Buffalo Bill Cody, whose Wild West Show James A. Bailey would one day manage). Bailey later associated with James E. Cooper, and by the time he was 22, he was manager of the Cooper and Bailey circus. He then met with P.T. Barnum, and together they established Barnum and Bailey's Circus (for which Bailey was instrumental in obtaining Jumbo the Elephant) in 1880, with their combined show opening the following spring in Madison Square Garden. Barnum was the face of the circus, but James Bailey was the hard worker who insisted on staying behind the scenes. Barnum once wrote to him that James managed the show "ten times better than I could." Equestrienne Josie Demott Robinson wrote in her autobiography that, "Mr. Barnum was the advertiser, who loved the limelight, who rode around in the ring, and announced who he was. But Mr. Bailey was the businessman, content to be invisible...and interested only in the success of the show." Bailey was considered by many to be a genius at logistics. His organizational skills for transporting people, animals, and equipment was copied by the military of more than one country. He hired Pinkerton Detectives to travel with the show and protect circusgoers from grifters and thieves. He established "Orphan Day", one day a year when orphans could attend the circus for free. He was often known to carry children who couldn't walk into the circus tent and find them a seat away from the crush of the crowd. Following Barnum's death in 1891, Bailey managed not only The Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth, but in 1894, took on the management of Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show. Bailey died of erysipelas in 1906 at age 58. He is buried in Woodlawn Cemetery, in The Bronx, New York City. His widow subsequently sold the circus to the Ringling brothers in 1907, who eventually merged the rival operations in 1919. In his book about the circus, Earl Chapin May wrote, "Probably...no circus owner and manager left more sincere mourners than the thin little magnate known to millions as James A. Bailey." Taped beneath a photo of James Bailey in the scrapbook of employee Harrison Gunning is a small scrap of paper that reads, "P.T. Barnum was the great showman, but Mr. Bailey was the supreme of all circus managers, past and present." James A. Bailey was inducted into the International Circus Hall of Fame in 1960 and into the Circus Ring of Fame in Sarasota, Florida in 1990. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/barnum39s-big-top-dvd-p-t-barnum-and-his-circuses-dvd-mp4-394.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Roaring Twenties: 1920s History Documentary DVD, MP4, USB Stick
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1872: #BOTD: #HBD! Calvin Coolidge, 30th U.S. President (d. January 5, 1933) is #born John Calvin Coolidge Jr. in Plymouth, Vermont. He became President on August 3, 1923, after the death of Warren G. Harding. In 1924, Coolidge was elected President but did not run for re-election in 1928. A Republican lawyer from New England, born in Vermont, Coolidge worked his way up the ladder of Massachusetts state politics, eventually becoming governor. His response to the Boston Police Strike of 1919 thrust him into the national spotlight and gave him a reputation as a man of decisive action. Soon after, he was elected Vice President of the United States in 1920, and succeeded to the presidency upon the sudden death of Warren G. Harding in 1923. Elected in his own right in 1924, he gained a reputation as a small government conservative and also as a man who said very little, although having a rather dry sense of humor. Coolidge restored public confidence in the White House after the scandals of his predecessor's administration, and left office with considerable popularity. As a Coolidge biographer wrote: "He embodied the spirit and hopes of the middle class, could interpret their longings and express their opinions. That he did represent the genius of the average is the most convincing proof of his strength". From 1948-2018, scholars have ranked Coolidge as a below-average president. He is praised by advocates of smaller government and laissez-faire, while supporters of an active central government generally view him less favorably, though most praise his stalwart support of racial equality. Although Coolidge was known to be a skilled and effective public speaker, in private he was a man of few words and was commonly referred to as "Silent Cal". A possibly apocryphal story has it that a matron, seated next to him at a dinner, said to him, "I made a bet today that I could get more than two words out of you." He replied, "You lose.". Coolidge often seemed uncomfortable among fashionable Washington society; when asked why he continued to attend so many of their dinner parties, he replied, "Got to eat somewhere.". Alice Roosevelt Longworth, daughter of Theodore Roosevelt and a leading Republican wit, underscored Coolidge's silence and his dour personality: "When he wished he were elsewhere, he pursed his lips, folded his arms, and said nothing. He looked then precisely as though he had been weaned on a pickle.". Shortly before his death, Coolidge confided to an old friend: "I feel I no longer fit in with these times." Calvin Coolidge died suddenly at 12:45_p.m. from coronary thrombosis at "The Beeches", his spacious home in Northampton to which he retired in 1929 in Northampton, Massachusetts, aged 60. He is buried in Plymouth Notch Cemetery, Plymouth Notch, Vermont. The nearby family home is maintained as one of the original buildings on the Calvin Coolidge Homestead District site. The State of Vermont dedicated a new visitors' center nearby to mark Coolidge's 100th birthday on July 4, 1972. Dorothy Parker, upon learning that Coolidge had died, reportedly remarked, "How can they tell?". On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-roaring-twenties-dvd-1920s-history-documentary-dvd-mp4-usb-19204.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: War Props: The Consolidated B-24 Liberator MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1943: The European Civil War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater Of World War II): The Mediterranean And Middle East Theater Of World War II: The Battle Of The Mediterranean: The History Of Military Aviation: Aviation Incidents And Accidents: The 1943 Gibraltar Liberator AL523 Crash: The Wladyslaw Sikorski's Death Controversy: -- #DOTD: #RIP: A Royal Air Force B-24 Liberator bomber crashes into the Mediterranean Sea in an apparent accident moments after takeoff from Gibraltar, killing sixteen passengers on board, including general Wladyslaw Sikorski, the commander-in-chief of the Polish Army and the Prime Minister of the Polish government-in-exile; only the pilot survives. The crash was ruled to have been an accident, but Sikorski's death remains an unsolved mystery. The crash marked a turning point for Polish influence on their Anglo-American allies in World War II. He had been the most prestigious leader of the Polish exiles and it was a severe setback for the Polish cause, for no Pole after him would have much sway with the Allied politicians. The relationship between the Soviet Union and Poland was tenuous at best during World War II for a variety of reasons, and became more so, after the 1940 Katyn Massacre of over 20,000 Polish servicemen by the Soviets came to light. However, pragmatic general Wladyslaw Sikorski was still open to some form of normalisation of Polish-Soviet relations, while general Wladyslaw Anders was vehemently opposed. To boost morale, Sikorski began a tour of inspection of the Polish forces stationed in the Middle East in May 1943, tending to political affairs where necessary. While Sikorski was returning to London from an inspection of Polish forces deployed in the Middle East, his aircraft, a Royal Air Force (RAF) Consolidated Liberator, serial number AL523, crashed into the sea 16 seconds after taking off from Gibraltar Airport at 23:07 hours. This Liberator C II was purchased and converted by the RAF for use as a transport and operated by No. 511 Squadron of RAF Transport Command on long range flights between the UK and Gibraltar. In 1972, the pilot, Flight Lieutenant Eduard Prchal, described the events: "I received the green light from the tower and we began our take-off run. I pulled the stick back and the aircraft started to climb. When I was at 150ft I pushed the controls of the aircraft forward to gain speed. Suddenly I discovered I was not able to pull the stick back. The steering mechanism was jammed or locked." The aircraft then lost height rapidly. Prchal closed the four throttles and warned the others through the intercom "Attention, crash". The aircraft crashed into the sea. Sikorski, his daughter, Zofia Lesniowska (his Chief of Staff), and eight other passengers were killed. While the official death toll included 11 fatalities, the exact number of passengers was not known. Of the six crew members on board, only Prchal survived. Prchal was later interviewed several times about the crash. The Wladyslaw Sikorski's Death Controversy revolves around the death of the commander-in-chief of the Polish Army and Prime Minister of the Polish government in exile, General Wladyslaw Sikorski, in the 1943 B-24 crash in Gibraltar. Sikorski's Liberator II crashed off Gibraltar almost immediately after takeoff, with the plane's pilot being the only survivor. The catastrophe, while officially classified as an accident, has led to several conspiracy theories that persist to this day, and often propose that the crash was an assassination, which has variously been blamed on the Soviets, British, and even Nazis. The incident is still described by some historians as mysterious and was investigated by the Polish Institute of National Remembrance. They concluded that the injuries sustained were consistent with a plane crash and that there was not enough evidence to support or reject the theory that the plane was deliberately sabotaged. A British Court of Inquiry convened on July 7, 1943, investigated the crash of Sikorski's Liberator II serial AL 523, but was unable to determine the cause, finding only that it was an accident and "due to jamming of elevator controls", noting that "it has not been possible to determine how the jamming occurred but it has been established that there was no sabotage.". The Polish government refused to endorse this report, due to the contradiction about the cause not being determined but sabotage being ruled out. The political context of the event, coupled with a variety of curious circumstances (for instance, the Soviet agent Kim Philby was head of counter-intelligence for MI6 in Gibraltar at the time), immediately gave rise to numerous speculation that Sikorski's death had been no accident, and may have been the direct result of a Soviet, British, or even Polish conspiracy. Some modern sources note that the accident is not fully explained. In 2008 Sikorski was exhumed and his remains were examined by Polish scientists, who in 2009 concluded that he died due to injuries consistent with an air crash and that there was no evidence that Sikorski was murdered, ruling out theories that he was shot or strangled before the incident; however they did not rule out the possibility of sabotage, which is still being investigated by the Polish Institute of National Remembrance. As of 2012, the investigation continues. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/war-props-the-consolidated-b24-liberator-d24.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Combat At Sea Documentary Series + 2 Bonuses MP4 Video Download DVDs
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1961: Maiden Voyages: Watercraft: Submarines (Subs): Maritime Incidents: Naval Maritime Incidents: Soviet Submarine K-19: The Soviet Submarine K-19 Nuclear Accident: -- K-19, the first Soviet nuclear submarine equipped with nuclear missiles, suffers a complete loss of coolant to its reactor during its maiden voyage. The crew are able to effect repairs, but 22 of them die of radiation poisoning over the following two years. On April 30, 1961, K-19 was commissioned as the first submarine of the Project 658 (Russian: Projekt-658) class (NATO reporting name Hotel-class submarine), the first generation of Soviet nuclear submarines equipped with nuclear ballistic missiles, specifically the R-13 SLBM. The boat was hastily built by the Soviets in response to United States' developments in nuclear submarines as part of the arms race. Before it was launched, 10 civilian workers and a sailor died due to accidents and fires. After it was commissioned, it had multiple breakdowns and accidents, several of which threatened to sink the submarine. On its initial voyage on July 4, 1961, it suffered a complete loss of coolant to its reactor. A backup system included in the design was not installed, so the captain ordered members of the engineering crew to find a solution to avoid a nuclear meltdown. Sacrificing their own lives, the engineering crew jury-rigged a secondary coolant system and kept the reactor from a meltdown. Twenty-two crew members died during the following two years. The submarine experienced several other accidents, including two fires and a collision. The series of accidents inspired crew members to nickname the submarine "Hiroshima". On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/combat-at-sea-dvd-set-all-12-naval-warfare-tv-shows-6-di126.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Great Moments From NOVA DVD 1990 Best-Of Collection DVD, Download, USB
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1971: #BOTD: #HBD! Koko (Hanabiko), female western lowland gorilla famous for having learned a large number of hand signs from a modified version of American Sign Language (ASL) (d. June 19, 2018) is #born at the San Francisco Zoo. She lived most of her life in Woodside, California, at The Gorilla Foundation's preserve in the Santa Cruz Mountains. The name "Hanabiko" (lit. "Fireworks Child") is of Japanese origin and is a reference to her date of birth, the Fourth of July. Koko gained public attention upon a report of her having adopted a kitten as a pet and creating a name for him (All-Ball). Her instructor and caregiver, Francine Patterson, reported that Koko had an active vocabulary of more than 1,000 signs of what Patterson calls "Gorilla Sign Language" (GSL). In contrast to other experiments attempting to teach sign language to non-human primates, Patterson simultaneously exposed Koko to spoken English from an early age. It was reported that Koko understood approximately 2,000 words of spoken English, in addition to the signs. Koko's life and learning process has been described by Patterson and various collaborators in books, peer-reviewed scientific articles, and on a website. As with other great-ape language experiments, the extent to which Koko mastered and demonstrated language through the use of these signs is disputed. It is generally accepted that she did not use syntax or grammar, and that her use of language did not exceed that of a young human child. However, she scored between 70 and 90 on various IQ scales, and some experts, including Mary Lee Jensvold, claim that "Koko...[used] language the same way people do". Koko died in her sleep during the morning at the Gorilla Foundation's preserve in Woodside, California, at the age of 46. The Gorilla Foundation released a statement that "The impact has been profound and what she has taught us about the emotional capacity of gorillas and their cognitive abilities will continue to shape the world." Despite her comparatively old age, her death took staff members of the Gorilla Foundation by surprise. She is buried at Gorilla Foundation Sanctuary in Woodside, San Mateo County, California. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/great-moments-from-nova-dvd-1990-tv-series-be1990.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title: East Wind: West Wind Pearl Buck DVD MP4 Video Download USB Flash Drive
Today, July 4, 2026

July 4, 1924: #BOTD: #HBD! Eva Marie Saint, American actress of radio, film, theatre and television, and beauty, as of 2026 the earliest surviving and oldest living Academy Award winner, is #born in Newark, New Jersey, to Quaker parents. In a career spanning over 70 years, she has won an Academy Award and a Primetime Emmy Award, alongside nominations for a Golden Globe Award and two British Academy Film Awards. Upon the death of Olivia de Havilland in 2020, Saint became the oldest living Academy Award winner and one of the last surviving stars from the Golden Age of Hollywood cinema. Born in New Jersey and raised in New York, Saint attended Bowling Green State University and began her career as a television and radio actress in the late 1940s. Among her notable early credits, she originated the role of Thelma in Horton Foote's The Trip to Bountiful (1953), originally an NBC telecast before being adapted into the Tony Award-winning play of the same name. For her performance in the stage version, she won an Outer Critics Circle Award. She made her film debut in Elia Kazan's On the Waterfront (1954), opposite Marlon Brando. The film, which received eight Oscars, including Best Picture, earned her the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and a nomination for the BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer. Establishing her as an immediate star, it is widely considered to be one of the greatest and most influential films ever made. From then on, Saint appeared in a variety of roles, including That Certain Feeling (1956), opposite Bob Hope; Raintree County (1957), opposite Montgomery Clift and Elizabeth Taylor; and Fred Zinnemann's A Hatful of Rain (1957), opposite Don Murray and Anthony Franciosa, for which she was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture - Drama. One of her most notable roles came playing Eve Kendall opposite Cary Grant in Alfred Hitchcock's North by Northwest (1959). Throughout the 1960s, Saint sustained a film presence with appearances in Exodus (1960), alongside Paul Newman; The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming (1965), alongside Carl Reiner and Alan Arkin; The Sandpiper (1965), which reunited her with Elizabeth Taylor and featured Richard Burton; and John Frankenheimer's Grand Prix (1966). Saint gained consecutive nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Best Actress in a Single Performance for her appearances in the anthology series The Philco Television Playhouse (1954) and Producers' Showcase (1955). Beginning in the 1970s, her film career began to decline, though she garnered praise for her role opposite George Segal in Loving (1970). She gained additional consecutive Primetime Emmy Award nominations for How the West Was Won (1977) and Taxi!!! (1978), and won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Special for the miniseries People Like Us (1990). Saint returned to film with Nothing in Common (1986), opposite Tom Hanks, and continues to act occasionally, notably in Superman Returns (2006), and voicing Katara in Avatar: The Legend of Korra (2012-2014). On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/east-wind-west-wind-pearl-buck-dvd-mp4-video-download-usb-flash-driv4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com @OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Great Depression 7 Part Documentary Series MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, July 4, 2026
July 4, 1934: Sports: The History Of Sports: The History Of Sports In The United States: The History Of Boxing: The History Of Heavyweight Boxing: -- Boxer Joe Louis' first professional fight occurs in Chicago, Illinois, beating Jack Kracken in the Bacon Casino on Chicago's south side. Louis earned 59 USD for knocking out Kracken in the first round (equivalent to 1,148.60 USD in 2020). Louis went on to win all 12 of his professional fights that year, 10 by knockout, all of them in Chicago. https://store.earthstation1.com/grde7padosem.html

Today's EarthStation1.com @OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Legacy With Michael Wood World History TV Series DVD, MP4, USB Stick
Today, July 4, 2026
July 4, 1902: #DOTD: #RIP: Swami Vivekananda, Indian Hinu monk, philosopher and nationalist (b. January 12, 1863) #dies aged 39; Vivekananda awoke early, went to the monastery at Belur Math and meditated for three hours. He taught Shukla-Yajur-Veda, Sanskrit grammar and the philosophy of yoga to pupils, later discussing with colleagues a planned Vedic college in the Ramakrishna Math. At 7:00 pm Vivekananda went to his room, asking not to be disturbed; he died at 9:20 p.m. while meditating. According to his disciples, Vivekananda attained mahasamadhi; the rupture of a blood vessel in his brain was reported as a possible cause of death. His disciples believed that the rupture was due to his brahmarandhra (an opening in the crown of his head) being pierced when he attained mahasamadhi. Vivekananda fulfilled his prophecy that he would not live forty years. He was cremated on a sandalwood funeral pyre on the on the banks of river Ganges (Ganga) in Belur Math, Kolkatta (Calcutta), opposite where Ramakrishna was cremated sixteen years earlier. A fine temple has been erected there. The location of the internment of his ashes are a mystery. They may be located at the temple of Belur Math, or they may be located at the Vivekananda Rock Memorial, a popular tourist attraction built in 1970 in Kanyakumari, India's southernmost tip, which stands on one of the two rocks located about 500 meters off mainland of Vavathurai, Tamil Nadu, where it he is said to have attained enlightenment; his ashes may be at either or both locations, or at other sites as well;, or not interred at all. Swami Vivekananda was born Narendranath Datta (shortened to Narendra or Naren) into an aristocratic Bengali Kayastha family at his ancestral home at 3 Gourmohan Mukherjee Street in Calcutta during the Makar Sankranti festival, a festival day in the Hindu calendar dedicated to the Sun deity Surya. The historical caste occupation of Kayasthas throughout India has been that of scribes and administrators; the Kayasthas in Bengal also became the region's surrogate Kshatriya or warrior class and, along with Brahmins are regarded as the highest of Hindu castes that comprise the upper layer of Hindu society. He was a chief disciple of the 19th-century Indian mystic Ramakrishna. He was a key figure in the introduction of the Indian philosophies of Vedanta and Yoga to the Western world, and is credited with raising interfaith awareness, bringing Hinduism to the status of a major world religion during the late 19th century. He was a major force in the revival of Hinduism in India, and contributed to the concept of Indian nationalism as a tool to fight against the British empire in colonial India. Vivekananda founded the Ramakrishna Math and the Ramakrishna Mission. He is perhaps best known for his speech which began with the words "Sisters and brothers of America ...," in which he introduced Hinduism at the Parliament of the World's Religions in Chicago in 1893. In his youth, Vivekananda was inclined towards spirituality. He was influenced by his guru, Ramakrishna, to believe that all living beings were an embodiment of the divine self, and that therefore, service to God could be rendered by service to humankind. After Ramakrishna's death, Vivekananda toured the Indian subcontinent extensively and acquired first-hand knowledge of the prevailing conditions in British India. He later travelled to the United States, representing India at the 1893 Parliament of the World's Religions. Vivekananda conducted hundreds of public and private lectures and classes, disseminating tenets of Hindu philosophy in the United States, England and Europe. In India, Vivekananda is regarded as a patriotic saint, and in 1984 the Government of India designated his birthday as National Youth Day to be observed annually beginning in 1985. https://store.earthstation1.com/legacy-with-michael-wood-world-history-tv-series-dvd-mp4-us4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com @OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: WWII Films: African Americans At War Films Set DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, July 4, 2026
July 4, 2002: #DOTD: #RIP: Benjamin Oliver Davis Jr., commander of the Tuskegee Airmen 99th Fighter Squadron and the 332nd Fighter Group, which escorted bombers on air combat missions over Europe during World War II, who flew sixty bomber escort missions in P-39, P-40, P-47 and P-51 Mustang fighters and was one of the first African American pilots to see combat (b. December 18, 1912) #dies of Alzheimer's disease at age 89 at Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, D.C. He was interred with his wife Agatha on July 17, at Arlington National Cemetery. A Red Tail P-51 Mustang, similar to the one he had flown in World War II, flew overhead during his funeral service. Bill Clinton said, "General Davis is here today as proof that a person can overcome adversity and discrimination, achieve great things, turn skeptics into believers; and through example and perseverance, one person can bring truly amazing change". Benjamin Oliver Davis Jr. was born in Washington, D.C., the second of three children born to Elnora Dickerson Davis and Benjamin O. Davis Sr., the first African American general in the United States Army. On May 22, 1959, Davis became the first African American general in the U.S. Air Force. He was advanced to four-star general by President Bill Clinton on December 9, 1998. His father, Benjamin O. Davis, Sr., was named the first African American general in the United States Army. https://store.earthstation1.com/wwii-films-africanamericans-at-war-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com @OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Romantic Spirit TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, July 4, 2026
July 4, 1848: #DOTD: #RIP: Francois-Rene De Chateaubriand, French writer, politician, diplomat and historian who had a notable influence on French literature of the nineteenth century and is considered the founder of Romanticism in French literature (b. (September 4. 1768) #dies in Paris, France in the midst of The Revolution Of 1848, in the arms of his dear friend, the beautiful and brilliant Juliette Recamier, and was buried, as he had requested, on the tidal island Grand Be near Saint-Malo, accessible only when the tide is out. Francois-Rene, Vicomte De Chateaubriand was born in the historic French port walled city of Saint-Malo in Ille-Et-Vilaine, Brittany into an old aristocratic family from Brittany, and a royalist by political disposition; in an age when a number of intellectuals turned against the Church, he authored the Genie Du Christianisme in defense of the Catholic faith. His works include the autobiography "Memoirs from Beyond the Grave'" published posthumously in 1849-1850. Chateaubriand steak, and its accompanying chateaubriand sauce, was created by Chateaubriand's personal chef, Montmireil. Historian Peter Gay says that Chateaubriand saw himself as the greatest lover, the greatest writer, and the greatest philosopher of his age. Gay states that Chateaubriand "dominated the literary scene in France in the first half of the nineteenth century". https://store.earthstation1.com/the-romantic-spirit-tv-series-all-14-episodes-5-dual-layer-d145.html

Today's EarthStation1.com @OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Mein Kampf: A Blueprint For The Age Of Chaos 1960 DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, July 4, 2026
July 4, 1938: #DOTD: #RIP: Otto Bauer, Austrian soldier, philosopher, lawyer and Social Democrat politician considered one of the leading thinkers of the left-socialist Austromarxists, Foreign Minister of Austria (b. September 5, 1881) #dies of heart failure in Paris, France, aged 56, just four months after Austria had become part of the Nazi Third Reich. He is buried in the Vienna Central Cemetery, one of the largest cemeteries in the world by number of interred, and is the most well-known cemetery among Vienna's nearly 50 cemeteries. Born in Vienna, Otto Bauer was also an early inspiration for both the New Left movement and Eurocommunism in their attempt to find a "Third way" to democratic socialism. Having studied at the University of Vienna, he finished his PhD in Law in 1906 and published his first book, Die Sozialdemokratie und die Nationalitatenfrage (Social Democracy And The Nationality Question), in 1907. The Austromarxist principle of national personal autonomy ("personal principle") was developed in this book, and was seen by him a way of gathering the geographically divided members of the same nation to "organize nations not in territorial bodies but in simple association of persons", thus radically disjoining the nation from the territory and making of the nation a non-territorial association. Although he was politically active during his studies, his gradual rise in the Social Democratic Party of Austria began after he had finished his doctoral studies. He founded Der Kampf (The Struggle), the theoretical journal of the party in 1907; fellow Austrian Adolf Hitler may have had it in mind when he published his autobiography Mein Kampf (My Struggle). Between 1907 and 1914 he was secretary of the party. As one of Austria's leading "left" socialists, Bauer was able to establish himself as a likely successor to Viktor Adler as party leader. Bauer served in the Austro-Hungarian Army and was captured on the Eastern Front in the early months of the First World War. He spent three years as a prisoner of war in Russia, returning to Austria in 1917. After Viktor Adler's death in 1918, Bauer became leader of the Austrian Social Democratic Party. From November 1918 to July 1919 the Austrian Social Democrats formed a coalition government with the Christian Social Party and Otto Bauer was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs. Despite his Marxist socialism, he had pan-Germanic and nationalist ideas (he negotiated with the Weimar government an eventual accession of Austria into Germany by March 1919 during the German Revolution) and was disappointed when the Treaty Of Versailles expressly prohibited the union of Austria with Germany. When Engelbert Dollfuss, with the assistance of elements of the Christian Social Party and the Heimwehr, installed an authoritarian, corporatist dictatorship in 1933, the activities of the Austrian Social Democrats were severely curtailed. Following the Social Democrats' failed uprising in February, 1934 known as the Austrian Civil War (or February Rising), Otto Bauer was forced into exile. He continued to organize the Austrian Social Democrats' resistance, first from Brunn (Bruenn, modern Brno), Czechoslovakia, and later from Brussels, Belgium, and finally Paris. He continued his literary and theoretical work until his death. Bauer died of heart failure in Paris on 4 July 1938, aged 56, just four months after Austria had become part of the Nazi Third Reich. His sister, Ida Bauer, was a patient of Sigmund Freud, who published a famous case study about her using the pseudonym Dora. https://store.earthstation1.com/mein-kampf-1960-dvd-adolf-hitler-third-reich-holoc1960.html

Today's EarthStation1.com @OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Complete TV Music & Dance MegaSet DVDs, Downloads, USB Flash Drives
Today, July 4, 2026
July 4, 2009: #DOTD: #RIP: Drake Levin, American musician best known as the guitarist for the pop-rock band Paul Revere & the Raiders (b. August 17, 1946) #dies aged 62 of cancer at his home in San Francisco, California with his wife Sandra at his side. His remains were cremated, and the ashes given to his widow. Drake Levin was born Drake Maxwell Levin in Chicago into a Jewish family that shortened its name from Levinshefski a few years before his birth. Levin joined Paul Revere & the Raiders when he was 16 years old, which earned him the nickname "The Kid" from Paul Revere. His addition helped establish Paul Revere and the Raiders as a premier showband in the Northwest United States. Levin's performances included synchronized dance steps, playing on his knees, standing on his amplifier and playing his guitar behind his head. After a performance at Seattle's Spanish Castle Ballroom, a young man who had watched from the front of the stage all evening approached Drake. He said that Drake's playing had inspired him and said he was a really good showman. As Drake thanked him and they shook hands, Drake asked the young man his name and he replied, "Jimi Hendrix." The Raiders became a national teen sensation from their daily television exposure on the ABC television show Where The Action Is. It was during that time that Levin and the Raiders produced many hit records. Levin's blues-based guitar style helped drive the band's raw, edgy sound. Levin's synchronized dance steps and stage antics with fellow Raider bassist Phil "Fang" Volk earned the pair the nickname "The Twins". In 1966, Levin left the performing version of the band to fulfill his military service obligation by joining the National Guard. This enabled him to continue recording in the studio with the group during his time off. Levin's guitar work and background vocals can be heard on Raiders albums through The Spirit of '67, although his name and photo do not appear on the album cover with the band. Jim "Harpo" Valley had stepped into Levin's place on the Raiders' television and concert performances, thus Valley's photo appears with the band on that particular album. When Volk became ill and could not tour, Levin stepped in to cover for his friend on a few dates, filling in for Volk on bass. When Levin's performing replacement, Valley, decided to leave the band after a little over a year with the group, Levin again rejoined the Raiders to help them finish their spring 1967 tour. Levin was to perform with the Raiders on the Ed Sullivan Show on April 30, 1967, but band leader Paul Revere was upset at the pending departure of Volk and drummer Mike "Smitty" Smith and believed Levin to be partially responsible. Unknown to the group, Revere had hired a replacement guitarist, Freddy Weller, to perform with the group on the Sullivan show, leaving Levin to watch the Raiders' only Ed Sullivan Show performance as a spectator. Volk and Smith left the band after the Sullivan performance and Levin re-teamed with them in Brotherhood. The band was signed to RCA, but were hindered by the members' lingering contractual obligations to Columbia Records from their Raiders work. The power trio released three albums, two under the Brotherhood name in 1968 and 1969 and a third album in 1969 called Joyride under the name Friendsound. Joyride was an experimental album that was included on the 1979 Nurse with Wound list. Levin owned and played a triple-pickup Epiphone Crestwood Custom Deluxe in his early Raiders days, including the pilot episode of Where The Action Is. A few TV performances appearances of the band showed Drake playing a Mosrite six- and 12-string doubleneck that was offered to him from Mosrite, but he found it too heavy to play comfortably. He was also seen televised with a Vox Phantom VI, because of the band's Vox endorsement deal. However, he did not use them live or even in the studio as he thought they were poorly made instruments. Drake did use bandmate Phil Volk's 1960 Fender Stratocaster in the studio. In his later years, Levin played a reissue 62 Fender Stratocaster and a Fender Telecaster. However, he is most widely associated with his cherry red 1963 Epiphone Sheraton, with which he recorded his double-tracked guitar solo on "Just Like Me." After his death, it was purchased by the Musicians Hall of Fame in Nashville, TN in early 2010, but it was severely damaged just a couple of months later in the May 2010 Nashville flood. Levin subsequently performed with artists such as Ananda Shankar, Emitt Rhodes, and Lee Michaels (on the album Barrel). He also participated in reunions of various ex-members of the Raiders, and worked with his friend Phil Volk on several occasions. https://store.earthstation1.com/14-disc-classic-tv-music-amp-dance-shows-discount-dvd-megas14.html

Today's EarthStation1.com @OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: 25x5: The Continuing Adventures Of The Rolling Stones DVD, MP4, USB
Today, July 4, 2026
July 4, 2009: #DOTD: Allen Klein, American businessman, music publisher, talent agent, writers representative, filmmaker and record label executive, most noted for his tough persona and aggressive, innovative negotiation tactics, many of which established higher industry standards for compensating recording artists, founder of ABKCO Music & Records Incorporated (b. December 18, 1931) #dies of respiratory failure in New York City, aged 77. Yoko Ono and Sean Ono Lennon attended Klein's funeral. His remains were cremated; the final disposition of his ashes are not publicly disclosed. Andrew Loog Oldham commented at a subsequent memorial service that Klein had greatly magnified the success of the Rolling Stones. Allen Klein was born in Newark, New Jersey, the fourth child and only son of Jewish immigrants. Klein revolutionized the income potential of recording artists, who previously had been routinely victimized by onerous record company contracts. He first scored massive monetary and contractual windfalls for Buddy Knox and Jimmy Bowen, one-hit rockabillies of the late 1950s, then parlayed his early successes into a position managing Sam Cooke, and eventually managed the Beatles and the Rolling Stones simultaneously, along with many other artists, becoming one of the most powerful individuals in the music industry during his era. https://store.earthstation1.com/25x5-the-continuing-adventures-of-the-rolling-stones-dvd-mp42554.html

Today's EarthStation1.com @OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: DJ Madness! 1950s-60s-70s Radio Shows DVD, MP3 Download, USB Drive
Today, July 4, 2026
July 4, 2003: #DOTD #RIP: Barry White, African American singer and songwriter, two-time Grammy Award winner known for his bass voice and romantic image, whose greatest success came in the 1970s as a solo singer and with the Love Unlimited Orchestra, crafting many enduring soul, funk, and disco songs such as his two biggest hits: "Can't Get Enough of Your Love, Babe" and "You're the First, the Last, My Everything" (b. September 12, 1944) #dies at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles after suffering cardiac arrest, aged 58. His remains were cremated, and the ashes were scattered in the ocean off the California coast. White was overweight for most of his adult life, and apparently smoked approximately 150 cigarettes a day. He reportedly weighed up to 375 pounds (170 kg). While undergoing dialysis and awaiting a kidney transplant in May 2003, White suffered a severe stroke, which forced him to retire from public life. He also suffered multiple seizures in his last few weeks. White's unstable health prevented him from receiving a new kidney. Barry White was born Barry Eugene Carter in Galveston, Texas. His father was Melvin A. White, and his mother was Sadie Marie Carter. Unbeknownst to his mother, his father was already married to another woman, so she gave him her last name. However, upon seeing her last name of Carter on his son's birth certificate, Melvin scratched Carter out and wrote his own last name of White. He grew up in the Watts neighborhood of South Central Los Angeles, California He was the oldest of two children; his brother Darryl was 13 months younger. White grew up listening to his mother's classical music collection and first took to the piano, emulating what he heard on the records. White recorded 20 studio albums during the course of his career, but multiple versions and compilations were released worldwide that were certified gold, 41 of which also attained platinum status. White had 20 gold and 10 platinum singles, with worldwide record sales in excess of 100 million records, and is one of the best-selling music artists of all time. His influences included James Cleveland, Ray Charles, Aretha Franklin, The Supremes, the Four Tops and Marvin Gaye. https://store.earthstation1.com/dj-radio-airchecks-mp3-dvd-1950s60s70s-dis319506070.html

Today's EarthStation1.com @OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Pirates 12 Part Documentary Series MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, July 4, 2026
July 4, 1546: #DOTD: Hayreddin Barbarossa (original name: Hayreddin Khidr) (Arabic: Khayr al-Din Barbarus; Turkish: Barbaros Hayrettin Pasa), also known as Hayreddin Pasha, Hizir Hayrettin Pasha, and simply Hizir Reis, nicknamed Barbarossa (Redbeard), Hayreddin and Hizir Reis, Ottoman corsair (Barbary pirate) and later admiral of the Ottoman Navy whose naval victories secured Ottoman dominance over the Mediterranean during the mid-16th century (b. c. 1466/1483) #dies in his seaside palace in the Buyukdere neighbourhood of Istanbul, on the northwestern shores of the Bosphorus. He is buried in the tall mausoleum (turbe) near the ferry port of the district of Besiktas on the European side of Istanbul, which was built in 1541 by the famous architect Mimar Sinan, at the site where his fleet used to assemble. His memorial was built in 1944, next to his mausoleum. Hayreddin Barbarossa was born Hayreddin Khidr in Palaiokipos on the island of Midilli (Lesbos), the son of an Ottoman sipahi (Turkish cavalryman) father, Yakup Aga, of Turkish Albanian origin from Giannitsa (now Greece), and an Orthodox Christian mother of Greek origin, Katerina, from Mytilene (also Lesbos). His mother was a widow of a Greek Orthodox priest. Khizr began his naval career as a corsair under his elder brother Oruc Reis. In 1516, the brothers captured Algiers from Spain, with Oruc declaring himself Sultan. Following Oruc's death in 1518, Khizr inherited his brother's nickname, "Barbarossa" ("Redbeard" in Italian). He also received the honorary name Hayreddin (from Arabic Khayr ad-Din, "goodness of the faith" or "best of the faith"). In 1529, Barbarossa took the Penon of Algiers from the Spaniards. In 1533, Barbarossa was appointed Kapudan Pasha (Grand admiral) of the Ottoman Navy by Suleiman The Magnificent. He led an embassy to France in the same year, conquered Tunis in 1534, achieved a decisive victory over the Holy League at Preveza in 1538, and conducted joint campaigns with the French in the 1540s. Barbarossa retired to Constantinople in 1545 and died the following year. He is buried in Besiktas, Istanbul in the Tomb Of Hayreddin Barbarossa, a mausoleum was designed and built by Ottoman architect Mimar Sinan in 1541 https://store.earthstation1.com/pirates-12-part-documentary-series-mp4-video-download-124.html

Today's EarthStation1.com @OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Remember Pearl Harbor 50th Anniversary Special MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, July 4, 2026
July 4, 1997: #DOTD: #RIP: Charles Kuralt, American television, newspaper and radio journalist and author, most widely known for his long career with CBS, first for his "On the Road" segments on The CBS Evening News with Walter Cronkite, and later as the first anchor of CBS News Sunday Morning, a position he held for fifteen years (b. September 10, 1934) #dies from heart failure at the age of 62 at New York-Presbyterian Hospital. By request in his will, Kuralt was buried on the UNC grounds in Old Chapel Hill Cemetery. After Kuralt's death, questions about his estate led to a decades-long companionship with a Montana woman named Patricia Shannon becoming public. Kuralt had a second, "shadow" family with Shannon of which his wife was unaware. Shannon asserted that the house in Montana had been willed to her, a position upheld by the Montana Supreme Court. According to court testimony, Kuralt met Shannon while doing a story on Pat Baker Park in Reno, Nevada, which Shannon had promoted and volunteered to build in 1968. The park was in a low-income area of Reno that had no parks until Shannon promoted her plan. Kuralt mentions Pat Shannon Baker and the building of the park, but not the nature of their relationship, in a book he published in 1990 chronicling his early life and journalistic career. Charles Kuralt was born Charles Bishop Kuralt in Wilmington, North Carolina. Kuralt's On the Road segments were recognized twice with personal Peabody Awards. The first, awarded in 1968, cited those segments as heartwarming and "nostalgic vignettes." In 1975, his award was for his work as a U.S. "bicentennial historian"; his work "capture[d] the individuality of the people, the dynamic growth inherent in the area, and...the rich heritage of this great nation." Kuralt also won an Emmy Award for On the Road in 1978. He shared in a third Peabody awarded to CBS News Sunday Morning in 1979. In 1996, Kuralt was inducted into Television Hall of Fame of the National Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. https://store.earthstation1.com/remember-pearl-harbor-50th-anniversary-special-mp4-video-download-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com @OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Road To War: Years Between WWI & WWII TV Series DVD, Download, USB
Today, July 4, 2026
July 4, 2008: #DOTD: #RIP: Charles Wheeler, German-English soldier, journalist and broadcaster (b. March 26, 1923) #dies of lung cancer at his home in Warnham, Sussex, aged 85 years. He is buried at Worthing Crematorium in Findon, Arun District, West Sussex, England. Charles Wheeler was born Selwyn Charles Cornelius-Wheeler in Bremen, Germany to Winifred Agnes (nee Rees) and Charles Cornelius-Wheeler. Having joined the BBC in 1947, Sir Selwyn Charles Cornelius-Wheeler CMG became the corporation's longest-serving foreign correspondent, remaining in the role until his death. Wheeler also had spells as presenter of several BBC current affairs television programmes including Newsnight and Panorama. Selwyn Charles Cornelius-Wheeler was born in Bremen, Germany, in 1923, to Winifred Agnes (nee Rees) and Charles Cornelius-Wheeler. The family later moved to Hamburg, where his father was an agent for a shipping company Educated at the Cranbrook School in Kent, his first job was as an errand boy at the Daily Sketch newspaper at the age of 17. He enlisted in the Royal Marines in 1942, rising to the rank of captain. As part of 30 Assault Unit, a secret naval intelligence unit assembled by Ian Fleming, he participated in the Normandy landings as second-in-command to Patrick Dalzel-Job. After leaving the Royal Marines in 1947, Wheeler joined the BBC, initially as a sub-editor at the Latin American division of the World Service. Wheeler's long career as a foreign correspondent began with a three-year posting to Berlin in 1950, partly thanks to his fluency in German. He returned to the UK and became a producer on the fledgling current affairs series Panorama in 1956. As part of Panorama's team, he travelled to Hungary to cover what would become known as the Hungarian Uprising. Taking Panorama's camera into the country, despite being told not to, he filmed the jubilant Hungarian reaction to the rebellion. He and the Panorama producer (and his then wife) Catherine Freeman had to persuade the BBC to give the story prominence. Just hours after Wheeler returned to Britain, Russia re-entered Hungary and crushed the revolt. Having declined an offer to become the programme's editor, he was later assigned to New Delhi (where he reported extensively on the 1959 Tibetan uprising). He returned to Berlin when the Wall was built and remained there for several years with his Indian-born second wife. Between 1965 and 1973 he moved to Washington DC, where he covered the American Civil Rights Movement and the Watergate Scandal. In the later years of his television career he was the American correspondent of Newsnight. Wheeler was the first presenter of BBC World's Dateline London discussion programme. He remained active in his later years as a presenter of documentary series on Radio 4 and a contributor to the network's From Our Own Correspondent. He had been working on a programme about the Dalai Lama until a few weeks before his death. Following Wheeler's death, the British Journalism Review established the Charles Wheeler Award for Outstanding Contribution to Broadcast Journalism, which is presented annually at a conference co-hosted by the publication and the University of Westminster. Wheeler was twice married: his first marriage was to the BBC producer Catherine Freeman and his second marriage, in 1962, was to Dip Singh with whom he had two daughters: barrister Marina Wheeler (the former wife of British prime minister Boris Johnson) and Shirin Wheeler, the BBC's former Brussels correspondent. Wheeler was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in 2001, and was knighted in the 2006 Birthday Honours, for services to broadcasting and journalism overseas. In June 2006, Wheeler announced he had discovered that a painting by Alessandro Allori of Eleonora of Toledo, the wife of Cosimo de' Medici, which had been given to him in Berlin as a wedding present in 1952, had been looted during the Second World War. Via the Commission for Looted Art in Europe it was returned to its legitimate owner, the Gemaldegalerie of Berlin, from whose possession it had been absent since 1944. https://store.earthstation1.com/the-road-to-war-dvd-set-all-8-tv-shows-4-dis84.html

Today's EarthStation1.com @OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Dead End Kids: A Story Of Nuclear Power Film Satire DVD, Download, USB
Today, July 4, 2026
July 4, 1934: #DOTD: #RIP: Marie Curie, French-Polish physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity, Nobel Prize laureate (b. November 7, 1867) #dies aged 66 at the Sancellemoz sanatorium in Passy (Haute-Savoie), France, of aplastic anemia (a disease in which the body fails to produce blood cells in sufficient numbers) caused by exposure to radiation in the course of her scientific research and in the course of her radiological work at field hospitals during World War I. She was buried in the cemetery of Sceaux in the Hauts-De-Seine department of the southern suburbs of Paris, France, alongside her husband Pierre. Their coffins each contained a lead lining 2,5 mm thick because of their remains are radioactive. Sixty years later, in 1995, in honour of their achievements, the remains of both were transferred to the Paris Pantheon. She became the second woman to be interred at the Pantheon (after Sophie Berthelot) and the first woman to be honoured with interment in the Pantheon on her own merits. Because of their levels of radioactive contamination, her papers from the 1890s are considered too dangerous to handle.[80] Even her cookbooks are highly radioactive. Her papers are kept in lead-lined boxes, and those who wish to consult them must wear protective clothing.[81] In her last year, she worked on a book, Radioactivity, which was published posthumously in 1935. Marie Curie was born Maria Salomea Sklodowska in Warsaw, Congress Poland, Russian Empire. Marie Salomea Sklodowska-Curie was a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the first person and the only woman to win the Nobel Prize twice, and the only person to win the Nobel Prize in two scientific fields. Her husband, Pierre Curie, was a co-winner on her first Nobel Prize, making them the first ever married couple to win the Nobel Prize and launching the Curie family legacy of five Nobel Prizes. She was, in 1906, the first woman to become a professor at the University of Paris. She was born in Warsaw, in what was then the Kingdom of Poland, part of the Russian Empire. She studied at Warsaw's clandestine Flying University and began her practical scientific training in Warsaw. In 1891, aged 24, she followed her elder sister Bronislawa to study in Paris, where she earned her higher degrees and conducted her subsequent scientific work. In 1895 she married the French physicist Pierre Curie, and she shared the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with him and with the physicist Henri Becquerel for their pioneering work developing the theory of "radioactivity"-a term she coined. In 1906 Pierre Curie died in a Paris street accident. Marie won the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her discovery of the elements polonium and radium, using techniques she invented for isolating radioactive isotopes. Under her direction, the world's first studies were conducted into the treatment of neoplasms by the use of radioactive isotopes. In 1920 she founded the Curie Institute in Paris, and in 1932 the Curie Institute in Warsaw; both remain major centres of medical research. During World War I she developed mobile radiography units to provide X-ray services to field hospitals. While a French citizen, Marie Sklodowska Curie, who used both surnames, never lost her sense of Polish identity. She taught her daughters the Polish language and took them on visits to Poland. She named the first chemical element she discovered polonium, after her native country. https://store.earthstation1.com/dead-end-kids-a-story-of-nuclear-power-1986-dvd-history-sa1986.html

Today's EarthStation1.com @OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Bloopers: Radio & TV Outtakes CD, MP3 Audio Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, July 4, 2026
July 4, 1912: #BOTD: #HBD! Virginia Graham, American daytime television talk show host from the mid-1950s to the mid-1970s (d. December 22, 1998) is #born Virginia Komiss in Chicago, Illinois. On television, Graham hosted the syndicated programs Food for Thought (1953-1957), Girl Talk (1963-1969) and The Virginia Graham Show (1970-1972). She was also a guest on many other programs. Her father, an immigrant from Germany, became a successful businessman who owned the Komiss department-store chain. She graduated from the private Francis Parker School in Chicago, and in 1931, received her degree from the University of Chicago, where she had studied anthropology. She later earned a master's degree in journalism from Northwestern University. In 1935, Graham married Harry William Guttenberg, who owned a theatrical costume company. They remained married until his death in 1980. The couple had one daughter, Lynn Guttenberg Bohrer. Graham's book about her husband's death, Life After Harry: My Adventures in Widowhood, became a bestseller in 1988. After World War II, Graham wrote scripts for radio soap operas such as Stella Dallas, Our Gal Sunday and Backstage Wife. She hosted her first radio talk show in 1951. Graham was a panelist on the DuMont panel show Where Was I? (1952-53). She succeeded Margaret Truman in 1956 as cohost of the NBC radio show Weekday, teamed with Mike Wallace. In 1982, Graham played fictional talk show host Stella Stanton in the final episodes of the soap opera Texas. She was described by writer Howard Thompson in The New York Times as "a bright, alert, talkative woman of ripe, tart-edged candor." Another writer, Richard L. Coe, said she looked like "Sophie Tucker doing a Carol Channing performance." Graham, a cancer survivor, was a fundraiser for the American Cancer Society. A former smoker, she denounced smoking, but when asked on her program what she would do if she knew that the world would end tomorrow, she confessed that she would smoke. Virginia Graham died of a heart attack in Manhattan, New York City, aged 86. She is buried in Rosehill Cemetery And Mausoleum in Chicago, Illinois. https://store.earthstation1.com/bloopers-outtakes-and-offmoments-radio-and-tv-madness-mp3-c3.html

Today's EarthStation1.com @OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Good Old Time TV Theme Song MP3 CD, Audio Download, USB Drive
Today, July 4, 2026
July 4, 1995: #DOTD: #RIP: Eva Gabor, Hungarian-American actress, socialite, businesswoman and beauty (b. February 11, 1919) #dies in Los Angeles, California from respiratory failure and pneumonia, following a fall in a bathtub in Mexico, where she had been on vacation. Her funeral was held on July 11, 1995, at Good Shepherd Catholic Church in Beverly Hills. She is buried at Pierce Brothers Westwood Village Memorial Park And Mortuary cemetery in the Westwood area of Los Angeles, California at 1218 Glendon Avenue, just yards from both her niece, Francesca Hilton, and her friend and former co-star Eddie Albert. Eva predeceased her elder sisters and her mother. Eldest sister Magda and mother Jolie Gabor both died two years later, in 1997. Elder sister Zsa Zsa died from cardiac arrest on December 18, 2016. Eva Gabor was born in Budapest, Hungary, the youngest of the famed Gabor Sisters (Magda, Zsa Zsa and Eva) of the Hungarian Jewish family of Vilmos Gabor, a soldier, and his wife, trained jeweler Jolie (born Janka Tilleman). Gabor was successful as an actress in film, on Broadway, and on television. She was popular in her role on the 1965-71 television sitcom Green Acres as Lisa Douglas, the wife of Eddie Albert's character Oliver Wendell Douglas. She was also a successful businesswoman, marketing wigs, clothing, and beauty products. Eva Gabor voiced Duchess and Miss Bianca in the animated Disney Classics, The Aristocats (1970), The Rescuers (1977), and The Rescuers Down Under (1990). https://store.earthstation1.com/tv-theme-song-mp3-cd-classic-old-time-televisio3.html